Geometric Dimension Measurement Method for Bolster Spring Based on Three-Dimensional Laser Point Clouds

Zhiyuan Wang; Huanlong Liu; Wei Liu

doi:10.3788/CJL221153

Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 50, Issue 19, 1904001(2023)

Geometric Dimension Measurement Method for Bolster Spring Based on Three-Dimensional Laser Point Clouds

Zhiyuan Wang^1,3, Huanlong Liu^1,2、*, and Wei Liu^1,3

¹Engineering Research Center of Advanced Drive Energy Saving Technologies, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China

²School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China

³Tangshan Institute, Southwest Jiaotong University, Tangshan 063000, Hebei, China

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Figures & Tables(16)

Fig. 1. Schematic of laser vision measurement system

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Fig. 2. Schematic of measurement system for size of bolster spring

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Fig. 3. Measurement principle of bolster spring sizes based on 3D point cloud

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Fig. 4. Downsampled voxel mesh of point cloud

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Fig. 5. Definitions of vector and angle between adjacent vectors. (a) Definition of vector; (b) definition of angle between adjacent vectors

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Fig. 6. Edge extraction. (a) Top view of bolster spring; (b) dimension reduction of bolster spring point cloud; (c) edge extraction of reduced dimension point cloud

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Fig. 7. Circular segmentation

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Fig. 8. Test platform for measuring bolster spring

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Fig. 9. Manual measurement and line laser scanning. (a) Manual measurement; (b) line laser scanning

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Fig. 10. Point cloud data acquisition and preprocessing. (a) Three dimensional image of bolster spring; (b) point cloud data conversion; (c) point cloud preprocessing

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Fig. 11. Comparison of manual measurement and point cloud measurement results. (a)‒(c) Outer bolster spring; (d)‒(f) inner bolster spring

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Table 1. Calculation results of plane equations

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Table 1. Calculation results of plane equations

Plane	Plane equation
Upper plane of outer bolster spring	$0.00908485 x - 0.999949 y + 0.00441526 z + 235.798 = 0$
Upper plane of inner bolster spring	$0.0140108 x - 0.999783 y + 0.0154244 z + 209.755 = 0$
Bottom plane	$0.00933259 x - 0.999952 y + 0.00279845 z + 6.8273 = 0$

Table 2. Measurement results of point clouds

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Table 2. Measurement results of point clouds

Group No.	Outer bolster spring			Inner bolster spring			Time /s
Group No.	Height /mm	Outer diameter /mm	Inner diameter /mm	Height /mm	Outer diameter /mm	Inner diameter /mm	Time /s
1	252.79	138.45	91.26	228.49	81.84	50.20	2.258
2	230.42	147.60	95.80	209.52	87.80	50.84	2.387
3	230.93	147.88	95.20	210.08	87.64	51.88	2.569
4	229.93	148.04	96.64	209.85	87.78	52.42	2.293
5	251.93	138.32	91.06	209.81	86.96	52.18	2.811
6	252.13	137.60	90.88	229.70	82.00	50.28	2.857
7	251.19	137.38	90.81	228.8	82.10	50.24	2.899
8	251.40	136.84	90.02	228.36	82.58	49.80	2.962
9	251.61	138.98	91.52	229.08	81.48	49.52	2.728
10	232.01	148.12	96.00	209.74	88.08	51.34	2.931

Table 3. Repeated measurement results of bolster spring height

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Table 3. Repeated measurement results of bolster spring height

Experiment No.	Height of outer bolster spring /mm				Height of inner bolster spring /mm
Experiment No.	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Group 4	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Group 4
Nominal dimension	252.00	232.00	232.00	252.00	229.00	210.00	210.00	210.00
Manual measurement result	252.50	230.56	230.72	251.76	228.42	209.56	209.92	209.98
1	252.79	230.42	230.93	251.93	228.49	209.52	210.08	209.81
2	252.60	230.97	230.97	252.32	228.37	209.67	209.62	209.52
3	252.49	230.12	230.77	252.17	228.52	209.31	209.80	209.67
4	252.61	230.25	231.34	251.86	228.82	209.98	209.73	210.11
5	252.49	230.91	230.75	252.09	228.55	209.79	210.21	209.95
6	252.67	230.36	230.87	251.88	228.60	209.77	209.73	210.22
7	252.64	230.34	231.21	252.24	228.35	209.34	209.97	209.80
8	252.80	230.48	230.70	252.33	228.59	209.40	209.77	209.85
9	252.47	230.76	230.72	252.02	228.58	210.04	210.39	209.76
10	252.71	230.24	230.83	251.98	228.51	210.27	209.82	210.09
Mean error	0.127	0.102	0.189	0.322	0.118	0.149	0.008	0.102
Standard deviation	0.1195	0.2946	0.2140	0.1759	0.1312	0.3225	0.2453	0.2154
RSD /%	0.047	0.128	0.093	0.070	0.057	0.154	0.117	0.103

Table 4. Repeated measurement results of outer diameter of bolster spring

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Table 4. Repeated measurement results of outer diameter of bolster spring

Experiment No.	Outer diameter of outer bolster spring /mm				Outer diameter of inner bolster spring /mm
Experiment No.	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Group 4	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Group 4
Nominal dimension	139.00	148.00	148.00	139.00	82.00	88.00	88.00	88.00
Manual measurement result	138.24	147.68	147.38	138.24	81.88	87.91	87.44	87.12
1	138.45	147.60	147.88	138.32	81.84	87.80	87.64	86.96
2	138.54	147.36	147.45	138.07	82.12	87.74	87.72	86.71
3	138.13	147.72	147.38	138.72	82.07	87.52	87.98	87.07
4	138.28	147.56	147.72	138.45	81.97	87.46	87.98	86.55
5	138.40	147.48	147.32	138.69	81.88	87.74	87.35	86.80
6	138.37	147.42	147.55	138.66	81.90	87.42	87.55	86.81
7	138.41	147.34	147.40	138.20	82.01	87.72	87.87	87.22
8	138.32	148.14	147.22	138.74	82.22	88.00	87.81	86.78
9	138.25	147.68	147.61	138.32	82.14	87.98	87.23	87.25
10	138.19	147.56	147.39	138.57	81.91	87.66	87.47	86.93
Mean error	0.094	0.094	0.112	0.234	0.126	0.206	0.220	0.212
Standard deviation	0.1247	0.2324	0.1990	0.2376	0.1274	0.1977	0.2592	0.2233
RSD /%	0.090	0.157	0.135	0.171	0.155	0.225	0.296	0.257

Table 5. Repeated measurement results of inner diameter of bolster spring

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Table 5. Repeated measurement results of inner diameter of bolster spring

Experiment No.	Inner diameter of outer bolster spring /mm				Inner diameter of inner bolster spring /mm
Experiment No.	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Group 4	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Group 4
Nominal Dimension	91.00	96.00	96.00	91.00	50.00	52.00	52.00	52.00
Manual measurement result	91.02	96.04	95.42	90.78	50.38	51.08	52.06	52.38
1	91.26	95.80	95.20	91.06	50.20	50.84	51.88	52.18
2	90.93	96.12	95.33	90.80	50.46	50.96	52.25	52.11
3	91.15	96.02	95.62	91.22	50.31	51.26	51.96	52.08
4	90.94	96.04	95.41	90.98	50.09	51.00	52.07	52.40
5	90.78	95.98	95.10	90.74	50.40	51.02	52.13	52.17
6	90.97	95.76	95.24	90.89	50.28	51.08	52.05	52.25
7	91.00	95.54	95.73	91.30	50.17	51.10	51.88	52.08
8	91.24	95.88	95.40	90.85	50.28	50.88	52.30	52.26
9	90.86	96.00	95.26	90.94	50.30	51.14	52.14	52.13
10	91.10	96.00	95.12	90.88	50.15	51.26	52.10	52.01
Mean error	0.003	0.126	0.079	0.186	0.116	0.026	0.016	0.213
Standard deviation	0.1598	0.1721	0.2058	0.1798	0.1140	0.1430	0.1410	0.1127
RSD /%	0.176	0.180	0.216	0.198	0.227	0.280	0.271	0.216

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Zhiyuan Wang, Huanlong Liu, Wei Liu. Geometric Dimension Measurement Method for Bolster Spring Based on Three-Dimensional Laser Point Clouds[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2023, 50(19): 1904001

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Paper Information

Category: Measurement and metrology

Received: Aug. 16, 2022

Accepted: Sep. 28, 2022

Published Online: Sep. 25, 2023

The Author Email: Liu Huanlong (lhl_swjtu@swjtu.edu.cn)

DOI:10.3788/CJL221153

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology