Continuous‑Wave Laser Performance of Nd<bold>∶</bold>YScO<sub>3</sub> Crystal Grown via Edge‑Defined Film‑Fed Growth Method (Invited)

Xiao Cao; Jianda Li; Yongchun Ren; Yi Huang; Qingsong Song; Youchenchen Zhou; Jian Liu; Jie Ma; Qingguo Wang; Huili Tang; Xiaodong Xu; Jun Xu

doi:10.3788/CJL250878

Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 52, Issue 18, 1803024(2025)

Continuous‑Wave Laser Performance of Nd∶YScO₃ Crystal Grown via Edge‑Defined Film‑Fed Growth Method (Invited)

Xiao Cao¹, Jianda Li¹, Yongchun Ren¹, Yi Huang¹, Qingsong Song¹, Youchenchen Zhou¹, Jian Liu², Jie Ma², Qingguo Wang¹, Huili Tang¹, Xiaodong Xu², and Jun Xu^1、*

Author Affiliations

¹MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

²School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu , China

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Figures & Tables(12)

Fig. 1. Photograph of the as-grown 0.5% Nd∶YScO₃ crystal

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$X-ray diffraction pattern of Nd∶YScO3 single crystal$

Fig. 2. X-ray diffraction pattern of Nd∶YScO₃ single crystal

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Fig. 3. Double-crystal rocking curve of Nd∶YScO₃ single crystal

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Fig. 4. Absorption spectrum of Nd∶YScO₃ crystal

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Fig. 5. Fluorescent spectrum of the Nd∶YScO₃ crystal

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Fig. 6. Fluorescence decay curve of the ⁴F_3/2 energy level in Nd∶YScO₃ crystal

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Fig. 7. Gain cross-section of the Nd∶YScO₃ crystal

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Fig. 8. Scheme of the LD-pumped CW Nd∶YScO₃ laser setup

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Fig. 9. Experimental results. (a) Output power versus absorbed pump power; (b) laser emission spectra at different output coupling mirrors

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Table 1. Spontaneous emission transition probability $A (J, J')$ , fluorescence branching ratio $β_{J J'}$ and radiative lifetime τ_rad of Nd∶YScO₃ crystal
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Table 1. Spontaneous emission transition probability $A (J, J')$ , fluorescence branching ratio $β_{J J'}$ and radiative lifetime τ_rad of Nd∶YScO₃ crystal
Transition ⁴F_3/2→ λ /nm $A (J, J')$ /s^-1 $β_{J J'}$ /% τ_rad /ms
⁴I_9/2 920 529.67 70.62 1.33
⁴I_11/2 1084 205.78 27.44
⁴I_13/2 1364 13.90 1.85
⁴I_15/2 1852 0.72 0.10

Table 2. Comparison of spectroscopic properties in different Nd³⁺-doped crystals

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Table 2. Comparison of spectroscopic properties in different Nd³⁺-doped crystals

Crystal	λ /nm	σ_em/（10^-20 cm²）	FWHM /nm	τ /μs	Ref.
Y₂O₃ ceramic	1075	6.8		300	［9］
GdScO₃	1084	9.4	3.9	147.4	［25］
YVO₄	1066	29.5	3.5	84.1	［29］
Lu₂O₃ceramic	1076	6.3	~4	231	［30］
Sc₂O₃	1082	8.2	~4	224	［31］
Lu₂O₃	1080	8.49		286	［32］
Y₂O₃	1075	5.5		340	［33］
YScO₃	1084	0.51	11.28	314	This work

Table 3. Laser output characteristics of the ⁴F_3/2→⁴I_11/2 transition of Nd³⁺ions

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Table 3. Laser output characteristics of the ⁴F_3/2→⁴I_11/2 transition of Nd³⁺ions

Gain medium	Maximum output /W	Operation wavelength /nm	Slope efficiency /%	Pump	Ref.
Nd∶Lu₂O₃ ceramic	1.25	1076.7&1080.8	38	LD@807 nm	［30］
Nd∶Lu₂O₃ ceramic	0.21	1076&1080.8	14	LD@808 nm	［35］
Nd∶Y₂O₃ ceramic	3.6	1074.6&1078.8	45.2	LD@807 nm	［34］
Nd∶Y₂O₃ ceramic	0.16	1074.6&1078.6	32	LD@807 nm	［36］
Nd∶Lu₂O₃ crystal	1.4	1076&1080	69	Ti∶sapphire @821.5 nm	［7］
Nd∶Sc₂O₃ crystal	0.7	1082&1087	58	Ti∶sapphire @825.3 nm	［31］
Nd∶YScO₃ crystal	4.03	1085.2	28.4	LD@808 nm	This work

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Xiao Cao, Jianda Li, Yongchun Ren, Yi Huang, Qingsong Song, Youchenchen Zhou, Jian Liu, Jie Ma, Qingguo Wang, Huili Tang, Xiaodong Xu, Jun Xu. Continuous‑Wave Laser Performance of Nd∶YScO₃ Crystal Grown via Edge‑Defined Film‑Fed Growth Method (Invited)[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2025, 52(18): 1803024

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Paper Information

Category: Materials

Received: May. 28, 2025

Accepted: Jun. 27, 2025

Published Online: Sep. 17, 2025

The Author Email: Jun Xu (15503@tongji.edu.cn)

DOI:10.3788/CJL250878

CSTR:32183.14.CJL250878

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Spontaneous emission transition probability A(J,J '), fluorescence branching ratio βJJ ' and radiative lifetime τrad of Nd∶YScO3 crystal

Table 1. Spontaneous emission transition probability A(J,J '), fluorescence branching ratio βJJ ' and radiative lifetime τrad of Nd∶YScO3 crystal

Table 2. Comparison of spectroscopic properties in different Nd3+-doped crystals

Table 2. Comparison of spectroscopic properties in different Nd3+-doped crystals

Table 3. Laser output characteristics of the 4F3/2→4I11/2 transition of Nd3+ ions

Table 3. Laser output characteristics of the 4F3/2→4I11/2 transition of Nd3+ ions

Table 1. Spontaneous emission transition probability $A (J, J')$ , fluorescence branching ratio $β_{J J'}$ and radiative lifetime τ_rad of Nd∶YScO₃ crystal

Table 1. Spontaneous emission transition probability $A (J, J')$ , fluorescence branching ratio $β_{J J'}$ and radiative lifetime τ_rad of Nd∶YScO₃ crystal

Table 2. Comparison of spectroscopic properties in different Nd³⁺-doped crystals

Table 2. Comparison of spectroscopic properties in different Nd³⁺-doped crystals

Table 3. Laser output characteristics of the ⁴F_3/2→⁴I_11/2 transition of Nd³⁺ions

Table 3. Laser output characteristics of the ⁴F_3/2→⁴I_11/2 transition of Nd³⁺ions