Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the atmosphere

Fig. 2. Ray tracing in the spherically layered atmosphere (Reprinted with permission from ref. [44] © Optical Society of America) ^[44]

Fig. 3. Dual beacon light source measurement system

Fig. 4. Main components of the measuring device (Reprinted with permission from ref. [44] © Optical Society of America) ^[44]

Fig. 5. Schematic diagram of imaging spot position (Reprinted with permission from ref. [44] © Optical Society of America) ^[44]

Fig. 6. Comparison of results from optical observations and conventional calculations. (Reprinted with permission from ref. [44] © Optical Society of America) ^[44]

Fig. 7. Channel differential optical measurement system of the color camera

Fig. 8. Color cameras’ quantum efficiencies and the lasers’ wavelength