Impulse Response Modeling for Underwater Wireless Laser Transmission

Fig. 1. Comparison of different scattering phase functions with Petzold average particle phase function. (a) Semi-logarithmic coordinates; (b) double logarithmic coordinates

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Fig. 2. Flow chart of Monte Carlo simulation

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Fig. 3. Modeling of channel impulse response in different sea areas. (a) Different link distances in harbor; (b) different receiving apertures in coast; (c) different link distances in coast; (d) different AFOVs in harbor

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Fig. 4. Modeling of channel impulse response at different initial pulse widths in different sea areas. (a) Coastal water; (b) harbor water

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Table 1. Comparison of Δβ between each scattering function and Petzold particle phase function
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Table 1. Comparison of Δβ between each scattering function and Petzold particle phase function
Phase function Δβ
(0.1000°,5.000°) (0.1000°,90.00°) (90.00°,180.0°) (0.1000°,180.0°)
HG 18.55 26.62 39.88 36.16
FFT 0.56 10.36 17.82 29.22

Table 2. Attenuation parameters, scattering albedo, and asymmetry factor in different water types
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Table 2. Attenuation parameters, scattering albedo, and asymmetry factor in different water types
Water type ${μ_{a}}_{}$ /m^-1 ${μ_{b}}_{}$ /m^-1 ${μ_{c}}_{}$ /m^-1 ω₀ g
Ⅱ Coastal 0.179 0.219 0.40 0.55 0.94
Ⅲ Turbid Harbor 0.366 1.824 2.19 0.83 0.92

Table 3. Parameters of WDGF in different UWOC channels

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Table 3. Parameters of WDGF in different UWOC channels

Water type	AFOV /(°)	d /inch	L /m	C₁	C₂	C₃	C₄	α	β
Harbor	90	12	12	1.1560	0.3466	9.840×10^-10	0.5751	0.7882	0.8901
Harbor	90	12	16	0.5510	0.1686	2.131×10^-3	0.8361	0.8986	0.7957
Coastal	90	12	30	0.1669	1.9360	2.569	0.9751	0.6361	0.8901
Coastal	90	12	50	0.5031	0.2139	0.5812	0.8361	0.7368	1.9430
Harbor	30	12	10	0.4160	0.8866	2.100×10^-4	0.3831	0.6812	0.9001
Harbor	60	12	10	1.3610	0.6986	3.131×10^-3	0.7361	0.6986	0.8957
Harbor	90	12	10	1.6760	0.5516	9.110×10^-10	0.6751	0.7382	0.9101
Coastal	90	8	45	0.2032	0.3872	3.610×10^-3	0.4156	0.7145	2.7960
Coastal	90	12	45	0.3672	0.2686	3.131×10^-3	0.8361	0.8126	2.8950
Coastal	90	16	45	0.8320	0.2816	1.260×10^-3	1.6751	0.9382	1.9900

Table 4. Parameters of MGF in different UWOC channels

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Table 4. Parameters of MGF in different UWOC channels

Water type	AFOV /(°)	d /inch	L /m	C₁	C₂	C₃	C₄	χ
Harbor	90	12	12	1.0870	0.0227	0.02326	0.05623	2.51100
Harbor	90	12	16	0.4936	5.5870	0.05923	0.03623	0.04124
Coastal	90	12	30	1.5870	0.8027	0.00326	0.15620	0.91100
Coastal	90	12	50	0.3836	2.2090	0.05923	1.53600	3.91200
Harbor	30	12	10	0.1972	0.5828	0.03263	0.65160	1.35800
Harbor	60	12	10	0.6036	0.6095	1.56000	1.03700	0.25160
Harbor	90	12	10	0.9936	0.8152	0.42890	0.05676	2.03900
Coastal	90	8	45	0.0759	0.7832	0.02682	2.82900	2.86500
Coastal	90	12	45	0.1352	0.7011	1.67200	3.91600	2.91500
Coastal	90	16	45	0.6279	1.1660	0.21260	0.07363	3.81600

Table 5. Comparison of RMSE values of MGF and WDGF in different UWOC channels

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Table 5. Comparison of RMSE values of MGF and WDGF in different UWOC channels

Water type	AFOV /(°)	d /inch	L /m	RMSE of WDGF /%	RMSE of MGF /%
Harbor	90	12	12	0.64	0.25
Harbor	90	12	16	1.22	0.60
Coastal	90	12	30	0.98	0.11
Coastal	90	12	50	1.99	1.07
Harbor	30	12	10	0.42	0.16
Harbor	60	12	10	1.19	0.33
Harbor	90	12	10	1.98	0.59
Coastal	90	8	45	1.17	1.01
Coastal	90	12	45	1.69	1.50
Coastal	90	16	45	2.19	1.77

Table 6. MGF parameters and RMSE values in UWOC channels with different initial pulse widths

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Table 6. MGF parameters and RMSE values in UWOC channels with different initial pulse widths

Water type	AFOV /(°)	d /inch	L /m	ξ /ps	C₁	C₂	C₃	C₄	χ	RMSE /%
Harbor	90	12	10	10	0.1836	3.2110	0.05923	2.963	2.9120	0.3900
Harbor	90	12	10	5000	0.9136	0.6096	0.06312	1.136	1.4130	1.2000
Coastal	90	12	36	10	0.3816	2.0630	1.98000	2.162	0.1226	0.3800
Coastal	90	12	36	5000	1.3030	0.5916	0.05321	1.157	0.5026	1.1300

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Tiansong Li, Rongkai Yang, Xiang Gao, Yanhu Huang. Impulse Response Modeling for Underwater Wireless Laser Transmission[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2019, 39(11): 1101001

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Paper Information

Category: Atmospheric Optics and Oceanic Optics

Received: May. 7, 2019

Accepted: Jul. 15, 2019

Published Online: Nov. 6, 2019

The Author Email: Li Tiansong (lts@guet.edu.cn), Yang Rongkai (869553915@qq.com)

DOI:10.3788/AOS201939.1101001

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Comparison of Δβ between each scattering function and Petzold particle phase function

Table 1. Comparison of Δβ between each scattering function and Petzold particle phase function

Table 2. Attenuation parameters, scattering albedo, and asymmetry factor in different water types

Table 2. Attenuation parameters, scattering albedo, and asymmetry factor in different water types

Table 3. Parameters of WDGF in different UWOC channels

Table 3. Parameters of WDGF in different UWOC channels

Table 4. Parameters of MGF in different UWOC channels

Table 4. Parameters of MGF in different UWOC channels

Table 5. Comparison of RMSE values of MGF and WDGF in different UWOC channels

Table 5. Comparison of RMSE values of MGF and WDGF in different UWOC channels

Table 6. MGF parameters and RMSE values in UWOC channels with different initial pulse widths

Table 6. MGF parameters and RMSE values in UWOC channels with different initial pulse widths