Opto-Electronic Engineering, Volume. 50, Issue 11, 230158-1(2023)

Design of optical path stability measurement scheme and theoretical analysis of noise in telescope

Kai Zhao, Wentong Fan, Hongwen Hai, Rui Zhang, and Lei Fan*
Author Affiliations
  • MOE Key Laboratory of TianQin Mission, TianQin Research Center for Gravitational Physics & School of Physics and Astronomy, Frontiers Science Center for TianQin, Gravitational Wave Research Center of CNSA, Sun Yat-sen University (Zhuhai Campus), Zhuhai, Guangdong 519082, China
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    Figures & Tables(16)
    Schematic diagram of the optical path stability measurement scheme for the gravitational wave telescope
    Interferometer optical path structure schematic. (a) Measuring interferometer; (b) Reference interferometer
    Schematic diagram of the optical path stability measurement device for the telescope
    Curve of equivalent optical path noise level introduced by different fiber length differences under different temperature fluctuations
    Schematic diagram of changes in the optical path of the reflecting mirror and beam splitter caused by temperature fluctuations. (a) Reflecting mirror; (b) Beam splitter
    Types of displacement of the standard plane mirror
    Schematic diagram of the off-axis four-mirror telescope optical system
    The optical path variation of the standard plane mirror system due to the inclination angle φ around the X-axis, Y-axis, and XY-axis. (a) Central beam; (b) Wave aberration
    Standard plane mirror compound tilt misalignment about the XY axis. (a) Curve of tilt-optical path coupling coefficient; (b) Curve of tilt-optical path noise
    Photograph of the integrated interferometric platform
    Interferometric measurement experimental setup
    Laser frequency noise background
    Noise curve of phase acquisition module. (a) Voltage background noise of the photodetector ineach gain mode; (b) Equivalent optical path noise of the phase meter
    Test curve of optical path noise level for the interferometric measurement system
    • Table 1. Allocation and requirements of optical path noise indicators for distance stability measurement in telescopes

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      Table 1. Allocation and requirements of optical path noise indicators for distance stability measurement in telescopes

      测量系统组成模块主要噪声源噪声分配/(pm/Hz1/2@1 mHz)要求
      激光光源模块激光频率噪声0.19激光频率噪声δf≤10 Hz/Hz1/2@1 mHz
      外差调制模块前端光程耦合噪声0.5温度波动δT≤0.1 mK/Hz1/2@1 mHz
      一体化干涉平台温度光程耦合噪声0.5温度光程耦合系数dS/dT=5 nm/K, 测试环境温度波动δT≤0.1 mK/Hz1/2@1 mHz
      相位采集模块探测器耦合噪声0.2高增益、低带宽、高响应度
      相位读取噪声0.1高采样位数和高采样率
      标准平面镜位置失调噪声0.5标准平面镜长期角度不稳定性φ优于35 nrad/Hz1/2@1 mHz
      待测望远镜环境波动噪声0.4温度波动δT≤0.1 mK/Hz1/2@1 mHz;真空度≤0.1 mPa
      测量系统总体噪声1
    • Table 2. Theoretical level of optical path noise for the interferometric measurement system at the front end of the telescope

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      Table 2. Theoretical level of optical path noise for the interferometric measurement system at the front end of the telescope

      测量系统组成模块主要噪声等效光程噪声@10mHz
      激光光源模块激光频率噪声3.4 pm/Hz1/2
      外差调制模块前端光程耦合噪声0.5 nm/Hz1/2
      一体化干涉平台温度光程耦合噪声7.28 nm/Hz1/2
      相位采集模块探测器耦合噪声0.56 nm/Hz1/2
      相位读取噪声1 pm/Hz1/2
      总体噪声7.319 nm/Hz1/2
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    Kai Zhao, Wentong Fan, Hongwen Hai, Rui Zhang, Lei Fan. Design of optical path stability measurement scheme and theoretical analysis of noise in telescope[J]. Opto-Electronic Engineering, 2023, 50(11): 230158-1

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    Paper Information

    Category: Article

    Received: Jun. 30, 2023

    Accepted: Sep. 12, 2023

    Published Online: Mar. 26, 2024

    The Author Email: Lei Fan (范磊)

    DOI:10.12086/oee.2023.230158

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