In order to meet the requirements of absolute marine and airborne gravimetry for resource exploration， inertial navigation and positioning， the improvement of miniaturization， portability and high robustness of atomic gravimeter ?is?a?significant?research?subject. The principle and structure characteristics of atomic gravimeter are analyzed， and the main classification and development trend of atomic gravimeter are summarized in this paper. The principles of absolute gravimetry experiments on portable， vehicle-mounted， airborne， elevator and shipboard based on mobile atomic gravimeter are reviewed. The technical characteristics and main indexes of mobile gravimeters are compared， and the development directions of mobile atomic gravimeter used for field testing are preliminarily discussed.