Fig. 1. Design concept of incorporating aggregation-induced emission （AIE） molecules into chiral photonic cellulose films to develop novel circularly polarized light （CPL） emissive materials. （a） Right-handed CPL emission created by cellulose nanocrystal （CNC）-luminophore composite film； （b） Left-handed CPL emission expectantly created by self-assembly of hydroxypropyl cellulose （HPC）with luminophores； （c） Combined comparison of luminescence properties |g_lum| and Φ values； （d）Fluorescence photographs and g_lum values of other chiral luminescent films formed by combining methacrylic anhydride-functionalized HPC （HPC-MA）with other N-（3-（phenylamino）allylidene）aniline hydrochloride derivatives under 365 nm UV irradiation； （e） Comparison of the g_lum values with other chiral cellulose luminescent materials^［21］.

Fig. 2. Strategy for preparation of a chiral SPC^［26］

Fig. 3. （a） Photomodulation for the left-handed CPL with low and high g_lum； （b） Total overlap of the reflection bands of the LC system with the fluorescent dye BITM emission peaks； The g_lum （c） and CPL spectra （d） when the emission and reflection spectra completely overlap without UV irradiation， and the CPL is excited at 580 nm； （e） LC system reflection band partially overlapping with the BITM emission peak； The g_lum （f） and CPL （g） spectra when the emission spectra partially overlap with the reflection band； （h） Reversible change of g_lum value when UV and visible light are alternately irradiated. Light intensity of CPL at 715 nm versus polarization angle in the polar coordinate system； （i） Light intensity of CPL at 715 nm after passing through the polarizer； （j） Intensity of CPL at 715 nm after passing through the quarter-wave plate and the polarizer^［29］.

Fig. 4. Schematic diagram of the fabrication of a multicolour CPL chiral liquid crystal system^［31］

Fig. 5. Rational design of a series of dicyanodistyrylbenzene-cholesterol derivatives molecules with CPL optical activity consisting of an AIE active unit， two cholesterol， and eight or five methylene units as linkers^［32］.

Fig. 6. （a） Schematic diagram of the composition of the CPL system including quantum dots （InP/ZnSeS/ZnS）， liquid crystals （5CB） and chiral dopant （S811 or R811）； （b， c） High-resolution transmission electron microscopy images and absorption and fluorescence spectra of quantum dots； （d） UV absorption spectra of 5CB （black） and S811 （blue）； （e） Schematic representation of the CPL structure formed through the helical co-assembly strategy； （f） Photograph of the multimodal response security material； （g） Schematic representation of the multimodal response of the security material to external stimuli， including light activation， polarization， temperature， voltage， pressure and viewing angle^［36］.

Fig. 7. （a） Hybrid chiral photonic films displaying dual CPL and CPRTP prepared by evaporation-induced self-assembly strategy； （b） Chemical structures of PVA， CNC and CD； （c） Mechanistic explanation of CPL and CPRTP for hybrid chiral photonic films^［39］.

Fig. 8. Illustration of CPL production and CPL-induced formation of chiral helices by Azo supramolecular polymers. （a） Unpolarized light passing through a chiral CNC film could be transformed into transmitted CPL； （b） CDs@CNC film shows CPL emission under unpolarized UV irradiation； （c） Supramolecular azo polymers are transformed from a disordered phase to a smetic liquid crystal after thermal annealing， and were induced into chiral helical structures under transmitted CPL or CPL^［41］.

Fig. 9. UCNPs and CsPbBr₃ perovskite nanocrystals introduced in CLC achieve upconversion circularly polarized luminescence （UC-CPL） through a radiative energy transfer process to enhance the emission intensity and obtain a high g_lumvalue， and UC-CPL switching can also be achieved through electric field and mechanical force tuning^［43］.

Fig. 10. （a） Manufacturing process of cholesteric stacked superstructure； （b） Working principle of the CPL device^［44］.

Fig. 11. （a） Cross-sectional polarizing optical microscope images of bilayer devices； （b， c） Top-view polarizing optical microscope images of bilayer devices and MAPbBr₃ QD-doped CLC devices under UV light； （d） CPL spectra of the corresponding devices； （e） Variation of g_lum values relative to wavelength for bilayer devices and chiral LC devices； （f） CPL changes of unencapsulated bilayer devices and MAPbBr₃ QD-doped chiral LC devices for 6 months at 25 ℃ ambient atmosphere and 50% relative humidity^［45］.

Fig. 12. （a） Schematic diagram of synthesized polymerizable perovskite quantum dot nanomonomers； （b） Schematic of the preparation process of Lumin-CLCE films^［46］.

Fig. 13. Schematic representation of the chemical structure and sequential amplification of CPUVL for R-/S-TP， 4CzIPN， and 5CB^［49］.

Fig. 14. Design and concept of 4D information encryption and decryption^［51］

Fig. 15. （a） Manufacturing strategy for flexible 3D display panels； （b） Schematic of the flexible array panel； （c~h） Photographs of the “USTC 1958” patterns obtained by printing on polyethylene terephthalate （PET） fabric， scale bar： 1 cm； （i） Photograph of the flexible 3D display panel when the pattern is displayed on it， scale bar： 1 cm； （j） Photograph of a wearable watch-like flexible 3D display panel， scale bar： 1 cm； （k） Conceptual drawing of a wearable 3D display device^［53］.

Fig. 16. Enantioselective photopolymerization initiated by UC-CPUVL^［49］