Study on Porosity Suppression for Laser Welds of High-Pressure Die-Casting Al-Si Alloys

Xiaming Chen; Luzhong Zhang; Kunlun Qin; Jia Song; Xiaonan Wang; Nagaumi Hiromi

doi:10.3788/CJL241097

Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 52, Issue 8, 0802109(2025)

Study on Porosity Suppression for Laser Welds of High-Pressure Die-Casting Al-Si Alloys

Xiaming Chen¹, Luzhong Zhang¹, Kunlun Qin¹, Jia Song^1、*, Xiaonan Wang², and Nagaumi Hiromi^1,2

Author Affiliations

¹Weiqiao Lightweight Research Center at Soochow, Suzhou 215001, Jiangsu , China

²School of Iron and Steel, Soochow University, Suzhou 215021, Jiangsu , China

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Figures & Tables(9)

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of QCW waveform

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Fig. 2. Cross section and longitudinal section morphologies of weld seams. (a) CW; (b) QCW

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Fig. 3. Diameter distribution and porosity of keyhole type pores in longitudinal section of weld seam under different welding processes.

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Fig. 4. Distributions of pores in cross section and longitudinal section of weld seams under different QCW frequencies. (a) 5 Hz; (b) 10 Hz; (c) 20 Hz

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Fig. 5. Diameter distribution and porosity of keyhole type pores in longitudinal section of weld seam under different QCW laser frequencies. (a) Box plot of diameter distribution of keyhole type pores; (b) porosity

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Fig. 6. Keyhole and molten pool dynamic behavior during two welding processes. (a) CW; (b) QCW

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$Tensile test results of welded joints. (a) Engineering stress-strain curves; (d) macro-morphologies of fractures$

Fig. 7. Tensile test results of welded joints. (a) Engineering stress-strain curves; (d) macro-morphologies of fractures

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Table 1. Chemical compositions of high-pressure die-casting Al-Si alloy (mass fraction, %)
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Table 1. Chemical compositions of high-pressure die-casting Al-Si alloy (mass fraction, %)
Si Mg Fe Mn Ti Zr Mo Sr Al
7.000‒10.000 0.100‒0.300 0.200 0.400‒0.800 0.050‒0.200 0.050‒0.200 0.050‒0.200 <0.025 Bal.

Table 2. Laser welding parameters
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Table 2. Laser welding parameters
No. Laser mode
Laser peak power
P_peak /W
Welding speed
v /（mm·s^-1）
Frequency
f /Hz
Duty cycle
D /%
Heat input
H_I /（J·mm^-1）
1 CW 1920 20 — 100 96
2 QCW 2400 20 5 80 96
3 2400 10
4 2400 20

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Xiaming Chen, Luzhong Zhang, Kunlun Qin, Jia Song, Xiaonan Wang, Nagaumi Hiromi. Study on Porosity Suppression for Laser Welds of High-Pressure Die-Casting Al-Si Alloys[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2025, 52(8): 0802109

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