Journal of Inorganic Materials, Volume. 40, Issue 1, 1(2025)
Research Progress on Carbide Ultra-high Temperature Ceramic Anti-ablation Coatings for Thermal Protection System
Figures & Tables(11)
![Surface morphologies of TaC coatings deposited at different temperatures[103]](/Images/icon/loading.gif){kind=icon}
. Surface morphologies of TaC coatings deposited at different temperatures[103]
. Fracture surface morphologies of (a) APS-ZrC coating and (b) VPS-ZrC coating[131]
. Cross-sectional BSE images of the ZrC-Zr6Ta2O17 coatings in central region after 30 s ablation at a heat flux of 4.2 MW/m2[147]
. Cross-sectional SEM images of the multilayer coatings after different ablation time[148]
Table 1. Properties of carbide UHTCs[23⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓-29,36⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓ -65]
View tableView in ArticleTable 1. Properties of carbide UHTCs[23⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓-29,36⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓ -65]
Carbide TiC ZrC HfC NbC TaC Crystal structure FCC FCC FCC FCC FCC Space group $\mathrm{Fm} \overline{3} \mathrm{~m}$ $\mathrm{Fm} \overline{3} \mathrm{~m}$ $\mathrm{Fm} \overline{3} \mathrm{~m}$ $\mathrm{Fm} \overline{3} \mathrm{~m}$ $\mathrm{Fm} \overline{3} \mathrm{~m}$ Lattice parameter/Å 4.334 4.692 4.638 4.470 4.455 Density/(g·cm-3) 4.899 6.634 12.686 7.803 14.498 Melting point/K 3413 3700 4223 3873 4256 Thermal expansion coefficient (20-1600 ℃)/(×10-6, K-1) 8.09 7.32 6.88 7.61 6.90 Thermal conductivity* at 25 ℃/(W·m-1·K-1) 17.9 19.1 20.0 17.4 24.7 Vickers hardness*/GPa 25.20-30.31 16.40-25.00 18.46-25.12 15.10-23.00 13.90-19.90 Young's modulus**/GPa 481.4 406.6 498.0 483.9 491.8 Flexural strength*/MPa 424-545 362-407 343-372 440 338-580 Fracture toughness*/(MPa·m1/2) 3.04-5.01 1.90-2.90 2.50-3.39 2.50-3.41 2.70-4.00 Resistivity*/(μΩ·cm) 83 45 72 50 33
Table 2. Ablation rates of different types of coatings
View tableView in ArticleTable 2. Ablation rates of different types of coatings
No. Coating Mass ablation rate/(mg·s-1) Linear ablation rate/(μm·s-1) Ablation type Heat flux/ (MW·m-2) Ablation time Ref. C1 APS ZrC 1.378 -1.928 Oxy-acetylene* 2.4 60 s [ 127 ]C2 CVD HfC 0.630 1.020 Oxy-acetylene* 2.4 120 s [ 113 ]C3 CVD TaC 1.500 3.240 Oxy-acetylene* 2.4 30 s [ 115 ]C4 APS HfC -0.260 -2.100 Oxy-acetylene* 2.4 120 s [ 141 ]C5 APS ZrC 0.060 2.250 Oxy-acetylene* 2.4 120 s [ 169 ]C6 CVD HfC 2.020 1.250 Oxy-acetylene* 2.4 90 s [ 155 ]C7 APS ZrC 4.020 -8.330 Oxy-acetylene* 2.4 60 s [ 170 ]C8 APS ZrC 2.020 5.750 Oxy-acetylene* 4.2 40 s [ 171 ]C9 APS ZrC 0.270 0.530 Plasma torch** 10.0 90 s [ 172 ]C10 APS ZrC-SiC 0.290 0.080 Oxy-acetylene* 2.4 120 s [ 169 ]C11 APS HfC-TaC 0.680 -0.580 Oxy-acetylene* 2.4 120 s [ 74 ]C12 APS HfC-Hf6Ta2O17 -0.320 -1.350 Oxy-acetylene* 2.4 120 s [ 141 ]C13 CVD HfC-SiC 0.153 -0.998 Oxy-acetylene* 2.4 60 s [ 78 ]C14 APS HfC-ZrC-TiC 0.180 0.710 Oxy-acetylene* 2.4 120 s [ 135 ]C15 APS (Hf1/4Zr1/4Ta1/4Ti1/4)C 0.810 0.190 Oxy-acetylene* 2.4 180 s [ 173 ]C16 APS ZrC-SiHfOC 0.099 0.200 Plasma torch** 10.0 90 s [ 172 ]C17 CVD (ZrC/SiC)3 0.750 -0.028 Oxy-acetylene* 2.4 60 s [ 114 ]C18 CVD SiC/TaC/SiC/TaC 0.180 -0.760 Oxy-acetylene* 2.4 30 s [ 115 ]C19 CVD (SiC/HfC)3 0.241 0.120 Oxy-acetylene* 2.4 120 s [ 113 ]C20 APS ZrC-SiC/ZrC-Al2O3/ZrC-MoSi2/ZrC 0.231 0.156 Oxy-acetylene* 2.4 60 s × 3 [ 148 ]C21 APS ZrC/TaC/ZrC 1.040 -1.170 Oxy-acetylene* 2.4 60 s [ 170 ]C22 APS ZrC/ZrC-LaB6/ZrC-SiC -1.070 -2.890 Oxy-acetylene* 4.2 40 s [ 171 ]C23 APS ZrC-SiC/ZrC-ZrO2/ZrO2-Y2O3 -0.460 -0.950 Oxy-acetylene* 2.4 90 s × 2 [ 174 ]C24 CVD (SiC/HfC)4/SiC 0.640 0.530 Oxy-acetylene* 2.4 60 s × 3 [ 153 ]
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Fan ZHOU, Zhilin TIAN, Bin LI. Research Progress on Carbide Ultra-high Temperature Ceramic Anti-ablation Coatings for Thermal Protection System[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2025, 40(1): 1
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Received: Jul. 3, 2024
Accepted: --
Published Online: Apr. 24, 2025
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