To estimate the accurate disparity in weak texture region and fine structure region when the light field camera is used for three-dimensional measurement, a model of the light field depth estimation based on deep learning technology is proposed. Moreover, the relationship between the disparity and corresponding depth is also established. The proposed method is applied to a variety of complex scenes, and the experimental results show that the proposed method can accurately estimate the disparity information in the weak texture region and fine structure region, and leading to a good reconstruction of three-dimensional structure. The processing time of the proposed method is compressed to the order of 1s, which is 1 to 2 orders of magnitude lower than the traditional methods based on cost optimization.