Research on Section Quality of 304 Stainless Steel Thick Plate Cut by Ultra-High Power Laser Under Different Process Parameters

Xinsheng Shi; Haojie Zhang; Honghao Ge; Liang Cai; Dezhi Cheng; Qunli Zhang; Rangda Wu; Jianhua Yao

doi:10.3788/LOP222991

Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, Volume. 60, Issue 23, 2314007(2023)

Research on Section Quality of 304 Stainless Steel Thick Plate Cut by Ultra-High Power Laser Under Different Process Parameters

Xinsheng Shi^1,2,3, Haojie Zhang^1,2,3, Honghao Ge^1,2,3, Liang Cai⁴, Dezhi Cheng⁴, Qunli Zhang^1,2,3, Rangda Wu⁴, and Jianhua Yao^1,2,3、*

Author Affiliations

¹Institute of Laser Advanced Manufacturing, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China

²College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China

³Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Laser Manufacturing Equipment, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China

⁴Penta Laser (Zhejiang) Co., Ltd., Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China

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Figures & Tables(15)

Fig. 1. 30 kW ultra-high power laser cutting CNC machine tool

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Fig. 2. Laser cutting area. (a) Schematic diagram of laser cutting area; (b) principle diagram of laser cutting area

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Fig. 3. Cutting quality evaluation. (a) Schematic diagram of slit width and taper; (b) surface roughness diagram

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Fig. 4. Schematic diagram of taper

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Fig. 5. Cutting test scheme

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Fig. 6. Macro topography. (a) Front view of cut sample; (b) side view of cut sample

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Fig. 7. Influence of process parameters on slit width. (a) Laser power; (b) cutting speed; (c) auxiliary gas pressure; (d) defocus amount

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Fig. 8. Influence of process parameters on perpendicularity. (a) Laser power; (b) cutting speed; (c) auxiliary gas pressure; (d) defocus amount

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Fig. 9. Influence of process parameters on roughness. (a) Laser power; (b) cutting speed; (c) auxiliary gas pressure; (d) defocus amount

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Table 1. Chemical composition of 304 stainless steel
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Table 1. Chemical composition of 304 stainless steel
Material Mass fraction /%
C Mn P S Si Cr Ni N Fe
304 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 18.00‒20.00 8.00‒10.50 0.10 Bal.

Table 2. Orthogonal test table of L₂₅(4⁵)

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Table 2. Orthogonal test table of L₂₅(4⁵)

Level	Laser power /W	Cutting speed /（mm·min^-1）	Auxiliary gas pressure /bar	Defocus amount /mm
1	10000	200	12	7
2	10000	275	14	9
3	10000	350	16	11
4	10000	425	18	13
5	10000	500	20	15
6	12500	200	12	7
7	12500	275	14	9
8	12500	350	16	11
9	12500	425	18	13
10	12500	500	20	15
11	15000	200	12	7
12	15000	275	14	9
13	15000	350	16	11
14	15000	425	18	13
15	15000	500	20	15
16	17500	200	12	7
17	17500	275	14	9
18	17500	350	16	11
19	17500	425	18	13
20	17500	500	20	15
21	20000	200	12	7
22	20000	275	14	9
23	20000	350	16	11
24	20000	425	18	13
25	20000	500	20	15

Table 3. L₂₅(4⁵) orthogonal test scale

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Table 3. L₂₅(4⁵) orthogonal test scale

Experimental group	Upper surface slit width /mm	Lower surface slit width /mm	Perpendicularity /mm	Upper roughness /mm	Middle roughness /mm	Lower roughness /mm
2-1	0.5898	1.4432	0.8535	0.1723	0.4414	0.3821
2-2	0.7575	1.3069	0.5494	0.1210	0.3324	0.3134
2-3	0.8656	1.0326	0.1670	0.0972	0.2523	0.1953
2-4	0.9885	1.3546	0.3661	0.1239	0.3228	0.2593
2-5	Not cutting through
2-6	0.8430	1.3391	0.4961	0.1237	0.2843	0.1964
2-7	1.0171	1.1725	0.1554	0.1108	0.2804	0.2866
2-8	1.1589	1.1594	0.0005	0.1202	0.2745	0.2385
2-9	0.6021	1.0700	0.4679	0.1523	0.3445	0.2534
2-10	Not cutting through
2-11	0.5750	1.3300	0.7550	0.1712	0.3042	0.3519
2-12	0.7108	1.2520	0.5413	0.1093	0.2969	0.4746
2-13	0.7820	1.2628	0.4808	0.1745	0.2382	0.2639
2-14	0.8740	0.9900	0.1160	0.1422	0.2777	0.2954
2-15	0.9305	1.1643	0.2338	0.1465	0.2142	0.2473
2-16	0.7935	1.5803	0.7868	0.1300	0.2862	0.3403
2-17	0.8930	1.3122	0.4192	0.0936	0.3013	0.3816
2-18	1.0555	1.3893	0.3338	0.1246	0.3393	0.5189
2-19	1.1915	1.0980	0.0935	0.1658	0.2494	0.4223
2-20	0.6498	1.3058	0.6560	0.0956	0.3106	0.4352
2-21	1.0150	1.5536	0.5386	0.0929	0.2940	0.3036
2-22	1.2118	1.5338	0.3220	0.1210	0.2872	0.3682
2-23	0.6650	0.9790	0.3140	0.1365	0.3344	0.3407
2-24	0.7702	0.7940	0.0238	0.2074	0.3334	0.3752
2-25	0.8083	0.7803	0.0280	0.1785	0.2134	0.2597

Table 4. Range analysis of slit width on upper surface

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Table 4. Range analysis of slit width on upper surface

Factor	Laser power（A）	Cutting speed（B）	Auxiliary gas pressure（C）	Defocus amount（D）
K₁	0.80035	0.86326	0.81995	0.64350
K₂	0.90528	0.91804	0.87750	0.77580
K₃	0.77446	0.90540	0.77554	0.85678
K₄	0.91666	0.91666	0.89200	1.00132
K₅	0.89406	0.89406	0.82303	1.03430
Range	0.11631	0.05340	0.11646	0.39080
Primary and secondary relation	D>C>A>B
Optimal horizontal solution	A₃B₁C₃D₁

Table 5. Perpendicularity range analysis

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Table 5. Perpendicularity range analysis

Factor	Laser power（A）	Cutting speed（B）	Auxiliary gas pressure（C）	Defocus amount（D）
K₁	0.48400	0.68600	0.57303	0.56654
K₂	0.27997	0.39746	0.33736	0.46020
K₃	0.42538	0.25922	0.35144	0.24526
K₄	0.45786	0.45786	0.34454	0.32554
K₅	0.24528	0.24528	0.47663	0.29275
Range	0.23872	0.44072	0.23567	0.32128
Primary and secondary relation	B>D>A>C
Optimal horizontal solution	A₅B₃C₄D₃

Table 6. Range analysis of middle roughness

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Table 6. Range analysis of middle roughness

Factor	Laser power（A）	Cutting speed（B）	Auxiliary gas pressure（C）	Defocus amount（D）
K₁	0.33723	0.32202	0.31872	0.34556
K₂	0.29592	0.29964	0.28294	0.29755
K₃	0.26624	0.28774	0.29618	0.26580
K₄	0.29736	0.29736	0.27876	0.29014
K₅	0.29248	0.29248	0.29450	0.27882
Range	0.07099	0.03428	0.03996	0.06674
Primary and secondary relation	A>D>C>B
Optimal horizontal solution	A₃B₃C₄D₃

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Xinsheng Shi, Haojie Zhang, Honghao Ge, Liang Cai, Dezhi Cheng, Qunli Zhang, Rangda Wu, Jianhua Yao. Research on Section Quality of 304 Stainless Steel Thick Plate Cut by Ultra-High Power Laser Under Different Process Parameters[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2023, 60(23): 2314007

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