Raman scattering faces problems such as weak signals and limited detection sensitivity in the process of molecular detectionIn order to achieve higher detection sensitivity and even single molecule detection, in recent years, researchers have applied plasmonic nanopores as surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate to measure the Raman signals of molecules passing through/sitting in plasmnoic nanopores In this paper, we reviewed the basic principles of nanoporebased SERS biosensors, the fabrication methods, and application on the detection of different molecules, such as DNA, peptides, and neurotransmitters It also analyzes the future development trends of using nanopore SERS technology