The manipulation and measurement of single droplets, ranging from micrometer to submicrometer size, are essential for precise in situ characterization of complex physicochemical processes in atmospheric aerosols. This represents a new direction in precision instrument development. Optical tweezer technology is a unique method that uses the gradient force of lasers to control suspended single droplets, enabling in situ precise measurements. The spontaneous and stimulated Raman signals from these droplets provide detailed information on the physicochemical composition, concentration, refractive index, and radius of particles, which serve as a novel approach for studying atmospheric aerosols. This paper discusses some types of optical tweezer techniques and their applications in measuring spontaneous and stimulated Raman signals in the field of atmospheric aerosols.