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Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 49, Issue 22, 2202018(2022)

Study on Penetration Characteristics of Plasma Electrical Signals in Laser Welding of TC4 Titanium Alloy

Wang Li1, Lijun Yang2、*, Yiming Huang1、**, Yunfu Tian1, and Chenpeng Jia1
Author Affiliations
  • 1School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
  • 2Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Joining Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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    AbstractGet PDF(in Chinese)
    Figures&Tables (12)
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    References (19)
    Cited By (2)
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    Figures & Tables(12)
    Schematic of experimental equipment

    Fig. 1. Schematic of experimental equipment

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    Schematic of electrical signal acquisition

    Fig. 2. Schematic of electrical signal acquisition

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    Photoelectric synchronization signals in laser welding of TC4 titanium alloy. (a) Plasma images and area; (b) electrical signal

    Fig. 3. Photoelectric synchronization signals in laser welding of TC4 titanium alloy. (a) Plasma images and area; (b) electrical signal

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    Front and back morphologies of welds under different heat input conditions. (a1)(a2) 43.33 J/mm; (b1)(b2) 46.43 J/mm；(c1)(c2) 50.00 J/mm; (d1)(d2) 54.17 J/mm; (e1)(e2) 59.10 J/mm; (f1)(f2) 65.00 J/mm

    Fig. 4. Front and back morphologies of welds under different heat input conditions. (a1)(a2) 43.33 J/mm; (b1)(b2) 46.43 J/mm；(c1)(c2) 50.00 J/mm; (d1)(d2) 54.17 J/mm; (e1)(e2) 59.10 J/mm; (f1)(f2) 65.00 J/mm

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    Typical plasma electrical signals when heat input is less than 59.10 J/mm. (a) 43.33 J/mm; (b) 46.43 J/mm; (c) 50.00 J/mm; (d)54.17 J/mm

    Fig. 5. Typical plasma electrical signals when heat input is less than 59.10 J/mm. (a) 43.33 J/mm; (b) 46.43 J/mm; (c) 50.00 J/mm; (d)54.17 J/mm

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    Typical plasma electrical signals when heat input is not less than 59.10 J/mm. (a) 59.10 J/mm; (b) 65.00 J/mm

    Fig. 6. Typical plasma electrical signals when heat input is not less than 59.10 J/mm. (a) 59.10 J/mm; (b) 65.00 J/mm

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    Characteristic oscillation frequencies of electrical signals at initial stage under different heat inputs

    Fig. 7. Characteristic oscillation frequencies of electrical signals at initial stage under different heat inputs

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    Oscillation frequency change process of plasma electric signals in relatively stable stage. (a) Partial penetration weld；(b) full penetration weld

    Fig. 8. Oscillation frequency change process of plasma electric signals in relatively stable stage. (a) Partial penetration weld；(b) full penetration weld

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    Pressure offset versus keyhole radius

    Fig. 9. Pressure offset versus keyhole radius

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    • Table 1. Weld size

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      Table 1. Weld size

      Heat input /(J/mm)43.3346.4350.0054.1759.1065.00
      Front width /mm1.8071.8701.9101.9402.0202.105
      Back width /mm0000.3240.4600.556
      Depth /mm1.7751.9201.9842.0002.0002.000

    • Table 2. Characteristic oscillation frequencies of plasma electrical signal in range of 0－1.5 s

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      Table 2. Characteristic oscillation frequencies of plasma electrical signal in range of 0－1.5 s

      Heat input /(J/mm)0－0.25 s0.25－0.50 s0.50－0.75 s0.75－1.00 s1.00－1.25 s1.25－1.50 s
      43.33669 Hz1280 Hz1389 Hz1408 Hz1220 Hz1449 Hz
      46.43594 Hz1222 Hz1370 Hz1205 Hz1235 Hz1324 Hz
      50.00523 Hz1142 Hz1205 Hz1176 Hz1250 Hz1136 Hz
      54.17347 Hz971 Hz1046 Hz924 Hz995 Hz1096 Hz
      59.10304 Hz904 Hz996 Hz1004 Hz566 Hz938 Hz
      65.00241 Hz820 Hz1024 Hz911 Hz741 Hz989 Hz

    • Table 3. Characteristic oscillation frequencies of plasma electrical signal in range of 1.5－3.0 s

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      Table 3. Characteristic oscillation frequencies of plasma electrical signal in range of 1.5－3.0 s

      Heat input /(J/mm)1.50－1.75 s1.75－2.00 s2.00－2.25 s2.25－2.50 s2.50－2.75 s2.75－3.00 s
      43.331370 Hz1471 Hz1236 Hz1220 Hz1359 Hz1235 Hz
      46.431250 Hz1282 Hz1078 Hz1126 Hz1316 Hz1210 Hz
      50.001235 Hz1301 Hz1168 Hz1154 Hz1316 Hz1190 Hz
      54.17590 Hz962 Hz1018 Hz969 Hz1016 Hz1005 Hz
      59.101082 Hz945 Hz571 Hz1220 Hz585 Hz1034 Hz
      65.001007 Hz592 Hz560 Hz1034 Hz963 Hz1078 Hz
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    Wang Li, Lijun Yang, Yiming Huang, Yunfu Tian, Chenpeng Jia. Study on Penetration Characteristics of Plasma Electrical Signals in Laser Welding of TC4 Titanium Alloy[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2022, 49(22): 2202018

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    Paper Information

    Category: laser manufacturing

    Received: Feb. 9, 2022

    Accepted: Apr. 2, 2022

    Published Online: Nov. 9, 2022

    The Author Email: Yang Lijun (tdyljabc@163.com), Huang Yiming (ymhuang26@tju.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.3788/CJL202249.2202018

    Topics

    laser devices and laser physics
    Lasers and Laser Optics
    Laser physics
    laser manufacturing
    Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology