Fig. 1. Flowchart of self-reference correction algorithm based on IAEKF

Fig. 2. Pre-correction dual-comb time-domain and spectrum signals. (a) Continuous time-domain signal; (b) amplitude spectrum signal; (c) locally magnified amplitude spectrum signal

Fig. 3. Pre-correction dual-comb time-domain and spectrum signals under different periods. (a) Time-domain signal; (b) locally magnified time-domain signal; (c) amplitude spectrum signal

Fig. 4. Theoretical noise values and calculated noise values based on IAEKF and residuals. (a) Time jitter; (b) carrier frequency jitter; (c) carrier envelope phase jitter

Fig. 5. Theoretical noise values and calculated noise values based on other algorithms and residuals. (a) Time jitter; (b) carrier frequency jitter; (c) carrier envelope phase jitter

Fig. 6. Noise extraction errors under different white noise amplitudes. (a) Time jitter; (b) carrier frequency jitter; (c) carrier envelope phase jitter

Fig. 7. Corrected dual-comb time-domain and spectrum signals. (a) Continuous time-domain signal; (b) amplitude spectrum signal; (c) locally magnified amplitude spectrum signal

Fig. 8. Corrected dual-comb time-domain and spectrum signals under different periods. (a) Time-domain signal; (b) locally magnified time-domain signal; (c) amplitude spectrum signal

Fig. 9. Experimental setup diagram of radio frequency-locked dual-comb detection system

Fig. 10. Measured dual-comb time-domain and spectrum signals. (a) Continuous time-domain signal; (b) amplitude spectrum signal; (c) locally magnified amplitude spectrum signal

Fig. 11. Measured dual-comb time-domain and spectrum signals under different periods. (a) Time-domain signal; (b) locally magnified time-domain signal; (c) amplitude spectrum signal

Fig. 12. Calculated values of noise signals. (a) Calculated values of time jitter, carrier frequency jitter, and carrier envelope phase jitter; (b) calculated values of repetition frequency jitter and carrier frequency jitter in radio frequency domain

Fig. 13. Measured dual-comb time-domain and spectrum signals after correction. (a) Continuous time-domain signal; (b) amplitude spectrum signal; (c) locally magnified amplitude spectrum signal

Fig. 14. Measured dual-comb time-domain and spectrum signals under different periods after correction. (a) Time-domain signal; (b) locally magnified time-domain signal; (c) amplitude spectrum signal

Fig. 15. Linewidths of dual-comb longitudinal modes in radio frequency domain at different acquisition time after correction

Fig. 16. Dual-comb time-domain interference signals. (a) Interference signal of single frame and 1 s continuous average signal before correction; (b) interference signal of single frame and 1 s continuous average signal after correction

Fig. 17. Dual-comb signal-to-noise ratios after correction under different average time