Fig. 1. （a） Schematic diagram of main components of chiral nematic liquid crystalline oligomer ink； （b） Blade coating diagram； （c） Phase diagram of atomic force microscope shows the tilted photonic chiral structure； （d） Molecular arrangement of traditional CLCE （left） and tilted CLCE （right）； （e） Schematic diagram of circular polarized reflection mechanism of tilted cholesteric liquid crystal^［75］.

Fig. 2. （a） Schematic diagram of CLCE for DIW printing； （b） Printed CLCE photos and illustrations of printed CLCE with inclined helical axis； （c） Concentric printed CLCE photographs are observed in normal and oblique incidence modes^［76］.

Fig. 3. （a） Schematic diagram of CLCE preparation by anisotropic swelling method； （b） When the content （mass fraction） of chiral dopant is 4.5%， 6.0% and 7.5%， the CLCE film reflects red， green and blue， respectively； ^［76］ （c） Schematic diagram of printing CLC droplets； （d） Color change of droplets in the process of anisotropic volatilization self-assembly； （e） Schematic diagram of solvent internal flow and CLC self-assembly in anisotropic volatile self-assembly process； （f） Schematic diagram of blue， red and green lines written in ink， Illustration i， ii and iii are the cross-sectional SEM images of green lines； （g） Print photos and POM images of CLC surface and assembly diagram^［80］.

Fig. 4. （a） Schematic diagram of self-assembly process of cholesteric CNCs； ^［81］ （b） Axis rotation of HPC cholesteric phase under shear action； （c） Photos of transparent nozzles containing 64% （mass fraction） HPC； （d） Schematic diagram of the evolution of the arrangement and distribution of cholesteric HPC during printing ^［83］.

Fig. 5. （a） Reflection mode POM image of initial red reflex CLCE fiber under elongation strain； （b） Mechanical discoloration response of large area CLCE fabric under uniaxial and biaxial loading^［84］.

Fig. 6. （a） “CLC Paint” text is painted on various substrates； （b） Eiffel Tower pattern is painted on the PMMA board with red， green and blue ink； （c） Schematic diagram of film effect is observed under naked eye， RCP and LCP. （d） Under mechanical tension， the “A” pattern on the elastomer film and the color changing photo of the butterfly； （e） Structure color graphics printed on the wireless body feeling gloves are used for visual/electronic dual signal output ^［77］.

Fig. 7. （a） Octopus patterns is printed using PVA solution dispersed by spherical CLC droplets； （b） Opaque， colored Octopus pattern become invisible by changing color according to the environment； （c） Spherical CLC droplets scatter light randomly， while oblate CLC droplets have selective Bragg reflection； （d） 3D printed Octopus logo and anti-counterfeiting barcode^［32］.

Fig. 8. （a） Schematic diagram of preparation of HPC photonic ink； （b） Photos of photon inks with different HPC concentrations； （c） Photos of photon inks with different PG concentrations； （d） POM diagram of photon ink； （e，f） Temperature dependent multidimensional information encryption and decryption^［85］.

Fig. 9. （a） Mechanism of humidity driven color change in BPLC polymer coating （top） and （bottom） photos before and after printing patterns of humidity driven discoloration BPLC polymer coating^［86］； （b） Humidity responsiveness of Ca²⁺ solution to achieve color locking CLC schematic diagram （top） and inkjet printing full-color flower pictures （bottom）^［87］.

Fig. 10. （a） Schematic diagram of the pitch change of CLCE before and after the ink direct writing printing （left） and acid treatment （right）； （b） CLCE film shows the visible color change after protonation and exposure to water （left） and 3D printing of the color change picture of bionic humidity response beetle （right）； （c） Humidity responsive bionic scallop with both driving and structural colors^［88］.

Fig. 11. （a） Flow diagram of “two color” printing to construct a double pattern； （b） Full color， high-resolution reflection/fluorescence dual pattern without crosstalk； （c） Construction diagram of reflective/fluorescent dual-mode anti-counterfeiting label and the information displayed under white light and ultraviolet light^［96］.

Fig. 12. （a） Sschematic diagram of the preparation of CPL photonic ink； （b） Photos of left-handed and right-handed CPL photonic inks；（c） Circularly polarized luminescence spectra； （d） Display principle of flexible 3D display panel； （e） Photos of flexible 3D display panel based on orthogonal CPL matrix； （f） Photos of a wearable watch style flexible 3D display worn on the wrist^［98］.