Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves, Volume. 43, Issue 4, 479(2024)

A monolithic integrated medium wave Mercury Cadmium Telluride polarimetric focal plane array

Ze-Ji CHEN, You-Wen HUANG, En-Xiang PU, Hui-Shan XIAO, Shi-Chun XU*, Qiang QIN, and Jin-Cheng KONG
Author Affiliations
  • Infrared Detector Center,Kunming Institute of Physics,Kunming 650223,China
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    Figures & Tables(22)
    Monolithic polarimetric FPA:(a) the schematic of a monolithic polarimetric FPA; (b) the arrangement of superpixels; (c) the established model to optimize structural parameters
    ER variation tendencies with respect to different structural parameters:(a) thickness; (b) period; (c) duty cycle
    MPA layout:(a) the previously reported MPA layout; (b) the modified one with expanded opaque regions
    MW 640 × 512 (25 μm) HgCdTe FPA:(a) monolithic integration process; (b) Ti/Au depositions; (c) laser direct writing; (d) iron-beam milling
    Surface morphologies of Au layers fabricated by:(a) e-beam evaporation; (b) magnetic sputtering; (c) ion beam sputtering
    Patterned line gratings with optimal process parameters of laser direct writing
    Cross-sectional profiles of etched line gratings before (a) and after (b) process condition modifications
    SEM photographs of the monolithically fabricated MPA
    Test setup of the polarimetric FPA
    Blind pixel distribution diagrams of (a) A-type and (b) B-type polarimetric FPAs
    Blind pixel distribution diagram of the polarimetric FPA after the preliminary process optimization
    Polarization response curves of pixels with (a-d) 0°,45°,90°,and 135°orientations for the A-type polarimetric FPA
    Polarization response curves of pixels with (a-d) 0°,45°,90°,and 135°orientations for the B-type polarimetric FPA
    Polarization response curves of pixels with (a-d) 0°,45°,90°,and 135° orientations for the formally encapsulated B-type polarimetric FPA
    Specialized MPA layout to determine crosstalk rates from adjacent pixels of (a) 0°- and (b) 45°- oriented pixels
    Measured data used to determine the crosstalk rates from adjacent pixels of (a) 0°/90°- and (b) 45°/135°- oriented pixels for the A-type polarimetric FPA
    Measured data used to determine the crosstalk rates from adjacent pixels of (a) 0°/90°- and (b) 45°/135°-oriented pixels for the B-type polarimetric FPA
    Re-extracted ERs of (a) 0°- and (b) 45°-oriented pixels for the A-type polarimetric FPA
    • Table 1. Structural parameters of MPA layout A and B

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      Table 1. Structural parameters of MPA layout A and B

      Thickness (nm)Period (nm)Duty cycle
      MPA layout A40070050%
      MPA layout B40060050%
    • Table 2. Radiometric performance of two types of polarimetric FPAs before and after MPA fabrication (fab.)

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      Table 2. Radiometric performance of two types of polarimetric FPAs before and after MPA fabrication (fab.)

      Polarimetric FPA type APolarimetric FPA type B
      Before MPA fab.After MPA fab.Before MPA fab.After MPA fab.
      Integration time (ms)3.15.23.25.9
      Response signal (mV)814964826777
      Peak detectivity (cm·Hz1/2/W)1.64×10111.51×10111.84×10111.24×1011
      Noise (mV)0.5340.5350.4800.490
      NETD (mK)9.868.398.729.49
      Nonuniformity (%)5.3211.314.538.88
      Effective pixel rate (%)99.98195.87599.75896.191
    • Table 3. ERs of two types of polarimetric FPAs

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      Table 3. ERs of two types of polarimetric FPAs

      ER
      45°90°135°
      A-type polarimetric FPA5.415.084.925.19
      B-type polarimetric FPA7.269.179.289.52
    • Table 4. Performance comparison among this work and the reported ones

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      Table 4. Performance comparison among this work and the reported ones

      References
      192617This work
      Array size256×256(30 μm)1 024×1 024(25 μm)256×256(30 μm)640×512(25 μm)
      NETD (mK)Not givenNot givenNot given9.49
      ER>10Not given,expected to be over 10~517.32~27.41
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    Ze-Ji CHEN, You-Wen HUANG, En-Xiang PU, Hui-Shan XIAO, Shi-Chun XU, Qiang QIN, Jin-Cheng KONG. A monolithic integrated medium wave Mercury Cadmium Telluride polarimetric focal plane array[J]. Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves, 2024, 43(4): 479

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    Paper Information

    Category: Research Articles

    Received: Nov. 5, 2023

    Accepted: --

    Published Online: Aug. 27, 2024

    The Author Email: Shi-Chun XU (x.sc@163.com)

    DOI:10.11972/j.issn.1001-9014.2024.04.007

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