High Power Laser Science and Engineering, Volume. 6, Issue 4, 04000e65(2018)
Development of a 100 J, 10 Hz laser for compression experiments at the High Energy Density instrument at the European XFEL
Figures & Tables(17)
Fig. 1. Schematic of DiPOLE100X amplifier chain, showing typical output energy at each amplifier stage: YDFO
Yb–silica fibre oscillator; YDFA
Yb–silica fibre amplifier (inc. temporal pulse shaping); PA
room-temperature preamplifier (1
Yb:CaF
2
regenerative, 2
Yb:YAG multi-pass); MA
main cryogenic amplifier (ceramic Yb:YAG multi-slab).
Fig. 2. 3D model of DiPOLE100X: FFE
fibre front end, DP
diode pumps, cGC
cryogenic gas coolers, DM
deformable mirrors, BD
beam diverter, FFE
fibre front end (not shown).
Fig. 6. Schematic showing 7-pass angularly multiplexed extraction architecture of the 10 J cryo-preamplifier. DP
diode pumps, DM1
10 J deformable mirror, BS
beam splitters.
Fig. 7. (a) Photograph of the DiPOLE100X 10 J bimorph deformable mirror, built at the CLF, with inset showing schematic of electrode pattern, (b) corrected output wave front and (c) far-field CCD camera image measured at 10 J, 10 Hz on the DiPOLE prototype amplifier.
Fig. 8. Energy stability over half an hour with inset showing measured temporal pulse shape for amplification of 2.2 ns pulses at 8 J, 10 Hz.
Fig. 9. Schematic showing 4-pass, off-axis, angularly multiplexed extraction architecture of the 100 J cryo-amplifier. DP
diode pumps, DM2
100 J deformable mirror, BD
beam diverter.
Fig. 10. (a) Photograph of new 100 J deformable mirror, (b) target aberrated wave front and (c) residual error in generated wave front.
Fig. 11. Synoptic screen for control and monitoring of 10 J cryo-preamplifier. Red lines correspond to the main 1030 nm laser beam path, input from the FE (left) and output to the beam transport section (right); blue lines represent diagnostic beam paths; and orange lines correspond to 940 nm pump diode beam paths.
Fig. 12. Temporal pulse shaping results at 6.5 J, 10 Hz obtained using the DiPOLE prototype amplifier (a) flat-top and (b) multi-step pyramid pulse profiles.
Fig. 13. Time lapse photographs of DiPOLE100X build with 3D CAD view of completed system.
Fig. 14. Schematic showing the main components of the HED instrument.
Fig. 15. Layout of DiPOLE100X in laser hutch at the HED instrument.
Table 1. Target parameters for DiPOLE100X and demonstrated performance
View tableView in ArticleTable 1. Target parameters for DiPOLE100X and demonstrated performance
Parameter Target Demonstrated Wavelength 
nm1029.5 nm Pulse energy 100 J 107 J Energy stability 
2.5% RMS
1% RMSPulse rate Single shot, 1, 2, 5 or 10 Hz 1 & 10 Hz Jitter 
25 ps RMSPulse duration 2 to 15 ns 10 ns Pulse shape User selectable Flat top Beam size & shape 75 mm square, 
,super-Gaussian super-Gaussian ( 
)Beam quality 
1.7 
DL (
)2.3 
DL (
)Pointing stability Within 
radWithin 
rad(shot to shot) 
4% RMS1% RMS
Table 2. Functionality of user control screens in DiPOLE100X control system
View tableView in ArticleTable 2. Functionality of user control screens in DiPOLE100X control system
Control screen Functions Overviews Access to summary/overview screens for each of the main sub-systems (FE, 10 J, 100 J) and the beam transport section. Synoptics Real-time, interactive visual displays of the status of the main sub-systems (FE, 10 J, 100 J) and their individual components. Synoptic screens use a traffic light system to indicate the status of each individual component, with green indicating that all is okay,amber indicating a component requires attention, andred indicating that either the component is off or that there is an error that requires action. Control screens can be accessed directly by touching the component symbol on-screen, minimizing the number of actions needed to view and adjust settings. An example synoptic display for the 10 J cryo-preamplifier is shown in Figure11 .Automation Useful information related to beam steering and machine safety. Alignment Overview of the current status of the automatic beam alignment system at various points within the system based on data from relevant near- and far-field diagnostic cameras. Again a traffic light system is used to indicate alignment status. Interlock Status of system interlocks. Hazards Important information on the status of all laser hazards. This screen can also be displayed on a remote monitor, sited outside the laser laboratory, to show whether it is safe to enter the area.
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Paul Mason, Saumyabrata Banerjee, Jodie Smith, Thomas Butcher, Jonathan Phillips, Hauke Höppner, Dominik Möller, Klaus Ertel, Mariastefania De Vido, Ian Hollingham, Andrew Norton, Stephanie Tomlinson, Tinesimba Zata, Jorge Suarez Merchan, Chris Hooker, Mike Tyldesley, Toma Toncian, Cristina Hernandez-Gomez, Chris Edwards, John Collier. Development of a 100 J, 10 Hz laser for compression experiments at the High Energy Density instrument at the European XFEL[J]. High Power Laser Science and Engineering, 2018, 6(4): 04000e65
Paper Information
Special Issue: HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS AND HIGH POWER LASERS
Received: Jul. 27, 2018
Accepted: Oct. 17, 2018
Published Online: Dec. 27, 2018
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