Fig. 1. Emitted light under different arrangements of the condensing system. (a) Small angle projection to large area (Q₁); (b) large angle projection to small area (Q₂)

Fig. 2. Working principle of curved microlens array optical integrator

Fig. 3. Relationship between sub-lens aperture and irradiation uniformity

Fig. 4. Schematic diagram of irradiation surface edge transition zone

Fig. 5. Relationships between projection distance and proportion of edge illuminance transition zone as well as superimposed illuminance area

Fig. 6. Size of the spot formed at the second focal plane of the ellipsoidal mirror

Fig. 7. Schematic diagram of field lens microlens array sub-lens classification

Fig. 8. Schematic diagram of the geometric relationship of each sub-lens group

Fig. 9. Modeling of optical integrators for planar and curved microlens arrays. (a) Planar microlens array optical integrator; (b) curved microlens array optical integrator

Fig. 10. Multi-source solar simulator simulation

Fig. 11. Planar microlens array optical integrator irradiation distribution diagram

Fig. 12. Curved microlens array optical integrator irradiation distribution diagram

Fig. 13. Comparison of optical performance of planar and curved microlens array optical integrators. (a) Planar microlens array optical integrator grating; (b) curved microlens array optical integrator grating