Fig. 1. Relationship of the relative error of CO2 concentration (ρ) and that of weight (γ).

Fig. 2. Absorption cross section of CO2 and H2O with respect to wavenumber near ∼1.57  μm. The blue line sharing the left vertical axis depicts the absorption cross section of CO2. The red line that marks the right axis depicts the absorption cross section of H2O.

Fig. 3. Weight in continuous temperature at three wave bands. The colorful area sharing the right color bar depicts the weight of different wavenumbers (horizontal axis) on continuous temperature (left axis).

Fig. 4. Relative error of weight [γ(T)] and cross section at three wave bands. The lines sharing the left axis depict the absorption cross section and the scatter curves sharing the right axis depict the relative error of weight when there is the uncertainty of atmospheric temperature. Three colors represent three wave bands, black corresponding to R14, blue corresponding to R16, and red corresponding to R18.

Fig. 5. Weight in continuous pressure on multiple on-line wavenumber. The colorful area sharing the right color bar depicts the weight of different wavenumbers (horizontal axis) on continuous pressure (left axis).

Fig. 6. Relative error of weight [γ(P)] and cross section at three wave bands. The lines sharing the left axis depict the absorption cross section and the scatter curves sharing the right axis depict the relative error of weight when there is uncertainty of atmospheric pressure. Three colors represent three wave bands, black corresponding to R14, blue corresponding to R16, and red corresponding to R18.

Fig. 7. Differential molecular absorption cross section at the range of 5 km at three wave bands. The colorful area sharing the right color bar (in cm2) depicts the value of differential molecular absorption cross section at three wave bands (horizontal axis in cm−1) at continuous altitude (left axis in m).

Fig. 8. Sensitivity of atmospheric temperature and pressure on the relative error of weight with the absorption cross section at the range of wavenumbers near each absorption peak of three wave bands, R14, R16, and R18. The three figures have the same scale of vertical axes. Black curves depict the absorption cross section, sharing the left axis in cm2. Blue curves depict the relative error of weight as the temperature varies according to the analysis in Section 3.A. Red curves depict the relative error of weight as the pressure varies according to the analysis in Section 3.B. Blue and red curves share the right axis.