Research on Routing Algorithm in Underwater Wireless Optical Communication Sensor Networks

Table 1. Typical values of absorption and scattering coefficients
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Table 1. Typical values of absorption and scattering coefficients
Water type
Pure sea water 0.114 0.037 0.151
Clean ocean 0.179 0.220 0.339
Turbid harbor 0.366 1.829 2.195

Table 2. Corresponding parameters of different modulation methods^[6]
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Table 2. Corresponding parameters of different modulation methods^[6]
Modulation qk Detection
OOK 1 1/2 1/4 1 IM/DD
BPSK 1 1/2 1 1 HD
M-PSK $\frac{2}{m a x (l o g_{2} M, 2)}$ 1/2 $s i n^{2} [\frac{(2 k - 1) π}{M}]$ $m a x (\frac{M}{4}, 1)$ HD
M-QAM $\frac{4}{l o g_{2} M (1 - 1 / M)}$ 1/2 $\frac{3 {(2 k - 1)}^{2}}{2 (M - 1)}$ $\frac{\sqrt[]{M}}{2}$ HD

Table 3. Pseudo code of the relay selection routing algorithm based on the EGG model

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Table 3. Pseudo code of the relay selection routing algorithm based on the EGG model

Input: link range L, offset distance r, absorption coefficient aλ , scattering coefficient bλ , attenuation coefficient cλOutput: relay node XRelay
	get the total nodes number Xnodes
	get the fault nodes number fnodes
	get the initial information of all nodes S
	for i in Xnodes
	if S(i). type==fault then
	for j in Xnodes
	if S(i). type ==normal then
	compute the BER between i and j : pe_res[ $a (λ) 、 b (λ) 、 c (λ)$ ]
	BER=[BER, pe_res]
	compute the TTP between i and : pt_res(L,r)
	TTP=[TTP, pt_res]
	end if
	end for
	end if
	end for
	for i in Xnodes
	if S(i). type ==fault then
	if $B E R (i) > 10^{- 4}$ then
	Xnodes = index of min(TTP); S(i).relay is Xnodes
	else if $B E R (i) \leq 10^{- 4}$ then
	S(i). relay is NULL
	end if
	end if
	end for

Table 4. Parameter of the simulation analysis

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Table 4. Parameter of the simulation analysis

Parameter	Value
Range /(m×m×m)	200×200×40
Total number of nodes m	20/40/60/80
Number of fault nodes n_f	5/10
Link distance L /m	20<L<150
Data transmission rate /(Mb·s^-1)	10
Data package size /bit	4000
Initial energy of nodes /J	80
Unit bit energy consumption /nJ	50

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Haoran Qin, Zhibin Xie, Zhihui Weng. Research on Routing Algorithm in Underwater Wireless Optical Communication Sensor Networks[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2021, 58(11): 1106009

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