Fig. 1. Diagrams of observation station and observation mode. (a) Diagram of CDL observation station; (b) diagram of DBS observation mode

Fig. 2. Diagram of Haar function

Fig. 3. Flow chart of AMBLH comprehensive retrieval method

Fig. 4. Flow chart of data pre-processing

Fig. 5. Flow chart of complex weather synthetic character extraction method

Fig. 6. Cases of deleting rain period. (a) 21 April, 2021; (b) 28 July, 2021

Fig. 7. Cases of deleting clouds. (a) 19 March, 2021; (b) 24 October, 2021

Fig. 8. Comparison of cases of classifying retrieval for each segment. (a) 28 November, 2020, before classifying retrieval; (b) 28 November, 2020, after classifying retrieval; (c) 4 April, 2021, before classifying retrieval; (d) 4 April, 2021, after classifying retrieval

Fig. 9. Results comparison of AMBLH comprehensive retrieval method and radiosonde with different methods. (a) PT method; (b) RH method

Fig. 10. Single-day AMBLH retrieval results. (a) 12 December, 2020; (b) 4 April, 2021; (c) 4 June, 2021; (d) 22 October, 2021

Fig. 11. Diagram of boxplot

Fig. 12. Boxplots of diurnal variation of AMBLH in Qingdao for each month. (a) November, 2020; (b) December, 2020; (c) January, 2021; (d) February, 2021; (e) March, 2021; (f) April, 2021; (g) May, 2021; (h) June, 2021; (i) July, 2021; (j) August, 2021; (k) September, 2021; (l) October, 2021; (m) November, 2021

Fig. 13. Box-plots of daily average value variation of AMBLH in Qingdao for each month

Fig. 14. Box-plots of daily average variation of AMBLH in Qingdao for each season. (a) Winter; (b) spring; (c) summer; (d) autumn

Fig. 15. Diagram of variation of AMBLH hourly-averaged value in Qingdao

Fig. 16. Box-plot of AMBLH seasonal variation in Qingdao