[1] SUN Z Q, CHEN X Q, HE Y C et al. Toward efficiency limits of crystalline silicon solar cells: recent progress in high-efficiency silicon heterojunction solar cells[J]. Advanced Energy Materials, 2200015(2022).

[2] MATSUI T, SAI H, BIDIVILLE A et al. Progress and limitations of thin-film silicon solar cells[J]. Solar Energy, 486(2018).

[3] PARK J S, KIM S, XIE Z J et al. Point defect engineering in thin-film solar cells[J]. Nature Reviews Materials, 194(2018).

[4] LI F Z, JEN A K Y. Interface engineering in solution-processed thin- film solar cells[J]. Accounts of Materials Research, 272(2022).

[5] PRAJAPAT K, DHONDE M, SAHU K et al. The evolution of organic materials for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells[J]. Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology, C: Photochemistry Reviews, 100586(2023).

[6] MA F, ZHAO Y, QU Z H et al. Developments of highly efficient perovskite solar cells[J]. Accounts of Materials Research, 716(2023).

[7] SOFER Z, WANG X Z, YU M H. MXene chemistry and applications[J]. Small Methods, 2300778(2023).

[8] WANG G Y, PARK J M, KANG T et al. Anion storage of MXene[J]. Small Methods, 2201440(2023).

[9] ZHU Y Y, Ma J X, DAS P et al. High-voltage MXene-based supercapacitors: present status and future perspectives[J]. Small Methods, 2201609(2023).

[10] ZHU Y Y, WANG S, MA J X et al. Recent status and future perspectives of 2D MXene for micro-supercapacitors and micro-batteries[J]. Energy Storage Materials, 500(2022).

[11] GUO Y, DU Z G, CAO Z J et al. MXene derivatives for energy storage and conversions[J]. Small Methods, 2201559(2023).

[12] WANG X, LI H, LI H et al. 2D/2D 1T-MoS₂/Ti₃C₂ MXene heterostructure with excellent supercapacitor performance[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 1910302(2020).

[13] HU M M, CUI C, SHI C et al. High-energy-density hydrogen- ion-rocking-chair-hybrid supercapacitors based on Ti₃C₂T_x MXene and carbon nanotubes mediated by redox active molecule[J]. ACS Nano, 6899(2019).

[14] MOSTAFAVI E, IRAVANI S. MXene-graphene composites: a perspective on biomedical potentials[J]. Nano-Micro Letters, 130(2022).

[15] YAO Y, LAN L Y, LIU X X et al. Spontaneous growth and regulation of noble metal nanoparticles on flexible biomimetic MXene paper for bioelectronics[J]. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 111799(2019).

[16] LEMOS H G, RONCHI R M, PORTUGAL G R et al. Efficient Ti₃C₂T_x MXene/TiO₂ hybrid photoanodes for dye-sensitized solar cells[J]. ACS Appliedl Energy Materials, 15928(2022).

[17] KARIMIPOUR M, PARAMBIL A P, TANKO K T et al. Functionalized MXene/halide perovskite heterojunctions for perovskite solar cells stable under real outdoor conditions[J]. Advanced Energy Materials, 2301959(2023).

[18] LI Y J, YIN Z H, JI G R et al. 2D/2D/2D heterojunction of Ti₃C₂ MXene/MoS₂ nanosheets/TiO₂ nanosheets with exposed (001) facets toward enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production activity[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 12(2019).

[19] CAO S W, SHEN B J, TONG T et al. 2D/2D heterojunction of ultrathin MXene/Bi₂WO₆ nanosheets for improved photocatalytic CO₂ reduction[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 1800136(2018).

[20] WANG H, PENG R, D., HOOD Z et al. Titania composites with 2D transition metal carbides as photocatalysts for hydrogen production under visible-light irradiation[J]. ChemSusChem, 1490(2016).

[21] YIN L J, LI Y T, YAO X C et al. MXene for solar cells[J]. Nano-Micro Letters, 78(2021).

[22] AFTAB S, LQBAL M Z, HUSSAIN S et al. 2D MXene interface engineering for organic solar cells[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 13189(2023).

[23] BATI A S R, BATMUNKH M, SHAPTER J G. Emerging 2D layered materials for perovskite solar cells[J]. Advanced Energy Materials, 1902253(2020).

[24] VAHIDMOHAMMADI A, ROSEN J, GOGOTSL Y. The world of two-dimensional carbides and nitrides (MXenes)[J]. Science, eabf1581(2021).

[25] WEI Y, ZHANG P, A., SOOMRO R et al. Advances in the synthesis of 2D MXenes[J]. Advanced Materials, 2103148(2021).

[26] ZHU Q Z, LI J P, SIMON P et al. Two-dimensional MXenes for electrochemical capacitor applications: progress, challenges and perspectives[J]. Energy Storage Materials, 630(2021).

[27] FU L, XIA W. MAX Phases as nanolaminate materials: chemical composition, microstructure, synthesis, properties, and applications[J]. Advanced Engineering Material, 2001191(2021).

[28] HAEMERS J, GUSMAO R, SOFER Z. Synthesis protocols of the most common layered carbide and nitride MAX phases[J]. Small Methods, 1900780(2020).

[29] ANASORI B, NAGUIB M, EDITORS G. Two-dimensional MXenes[J]. MRS Bulletin, 238(2023).

[30] BJORK J, ROSEN J. Functionalizing MXenes by tailoring surface terminations in different chemical environments[J]. Chemistry of Materials, 9108(2021).

[31] XIE X Q, ZHANG N. Positioning MXenes in the photocatalysis landscape: competitiveness, challenges, and future perspectives[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2002528(2020).

[32] XU D X, LI Z D, LI L S et al. Insights into the photothermal conversion of 2D MXene nanomaterials: synthesis, mechanism, and applications[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2000712(2020).

[33] LING Z, E.REN C, ZHAO M Q et al. Flexible and conductive MXene films and nanocomposites with high capacitance[J]. PNAS, 16676(2014).

[34] ZHANG C F, ANASORI B, SER-ASCASO A et al. Transparent, flexible, and conductive 2D titanium carbide (MXene) films with high volumetric capacitance[J]. Advanced Materials, 1702678(2017).

[35] BERDIYOROV G R. Optical properties of functionalized Ti₃C₂T₂ (T=F, O, OH) MXene: first-principles calculations[J]. AIP Advances, 055105(2016).

[36] LASHGAI H, ABOLHASSANI M R, BOOCHANI A et al. Electronic and optical properties of 2D graphene-like compounds titanium carbides and nitrides: DFT calculations[J]. Solid State Communications, 61(2014).

[37] BAI Y L, ZHOU K, SRIKANTH N et al. Dependence of elastic and optical properties on surface terminated groups in two dimensional MXene monolayers: a first-principles study[J]. RSC Advances, 35731(2016).

[38] JIANG X T, V KUKLIN A, BAEV A et al. Two-dimensional MXenes: from morphological to optical, electric, and magnetic properties and applications[J]. Physics Reports, 1(2020).

[39] ZHANG H J, YANG G, ZUO X Q et al. Computational studies on the structural, electronic and optical properties of graphene-like MXenes (M₂CT₂, M = Ti, Zr, Hf; T = O, F, OH) and their potential applications as visible-light driven photocatalysts[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 12913(2016).

[40] GUO T Z, ZHOU D, GAO M et al. Large-area smooth conductive films enabled by scalable slot-die coating of Ti₃C₂T_x MXene aqueous inks[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2213183(2023).

[41] WANG G, MA L J, LEI B X et al. Enhanced electron transport through two-dimensional Ti₃C₂ in dye-sensitized solar cells[J]. Rare Metals, 3078(2022).

[42] AGRESTI A, PAZNIAK A, PESCETELLI S et al. Titanium- carbide MXenes for work function and interface engineering in perovskite solar cells[J]. Nature Materials, 1228(2019).

[43] ANASORI B, XIE Y, BEIDAGHI M et al. Two-dimensional, ordered, double transition metals carbides (MXenes)[J]. ACS Nano, 9507(2015).

[44] ZHA X H, LUO K, LI Q W et al. Role of the surface effect on the structural, electronic and mechanical properties of the carbide MXenes[J]. Europhysics Letters, 26007(2015).

[45] PENG J H, CHEN X Z, ONG W J et al. Surface and heterointerface engineering of 2D MXenes and their nanocomposites: Insights into electro- and photocatalysis[J]. Chem, 18(2019).

[46] LIU Y Y, XIAO H, GODDARD W A. Schottky-barrier-free contacts with two-dimensional semiconductors by surface-engineered MXenes[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 15853(2016).

[47] YANG L, LI P, MA J G et al. MXenes for perovskite solar cells: Progress and prospects[J]. Journal of Energy Chemistry, 443(2023).

[48] WANG K, SHI Y T, LI B et al. Amorphous inorganic electron- selective layers for efficient perovskite solar cells: feasible strategy towards room-temperature fabrication[J]. Advanced Materials, 1891(2016).

[49] ZHAO YU, ZHANG X, HAN X F et al. Tuning the reactivity of PbI₂ film via monolayer Ti₃C₂T_x MXene for two-step-processed CH₃NH₃PbI₃ solar cells[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 127912(2021).

[50] D HANDOKO A, N STEINMANN S, WEI F X et al. Theory- guided materials design: two-dimensional MXenes in electro- and photocatalysis[J]. Nanoscale Norizons, 1014(2019).

[51] KUMAR S, KUMAR S, RAI R N. Recent development in two-dimensional material-based advanced photoanodes for high- performance dye-sensitized solar cells[J]. Solar Energy, 606(2023).

[52] HE S H, LAN Z, ZHANG B et al. Holistically optimizing charge carrier dynamics enables high-performance dye-sensitized solar cells and photodetectors[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interface, 43576(2022).

[53] YANG L, HOU P F, WANG B N et al. Performance improvement of dye-sensitized double perovskite solar cells by adding Ti₃C₂T_x MXene[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 136963(2022).

[54] DING S, YANG C Q, YUAN J et al. An overview of the preparation and application of counter electrodes for DSSCs[J]. RSC Advances, 12309(2023).

[55] WEN S, HUANG J, LI T T et al. Multiphase nanosheet-nanowire cerium oxide and nickel-cobalt phosphide for highly-efficient electrocatalytic overall water splitting[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 121678(2022).

[56] WANG Z M, CHENG M, YU R B. Doping regulation in transition metal phosphides for hydrogen evolution catalysts[J]. Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities, 20220544(2023).

[57] HE Y, YUE G, HUO J et al. A dye-sensitized solar cells with an efficiency of 10.01% based on the MoP/MoNiP₂@Ti₃C₂ composite counter electrode[J]. Materials Today Sustainability, 100329(2023).

[58] ENYASHIN A N, IVANOVSKII A L. Two-dimensional titanium carbonitrides and their hydroxylated derivatives: structural, electronic properties and stability of MXenes Ti₃C_2-xN_x(OH)₂ from DFTB calculations[J]. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 42(2013).

[59] CHEN X Z, KONG Z Z, LI N et al. Proposing the prospects of Ti₃CN transition metal carbides (MXenes) as anodes of Li-ion batteries: a DFT study[J]. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 32937(2016).

[60] LI Z R, WANG P L, LIANG Z H et al. Bismuth nano-nest/Ti₃CN quantum dot-based surface plasmon coupling electrochemiluminescence sensor for ascites miRNA-421 detection[J]. Analytical Chemistry, 9706(2023).

[61] YI D, WANG C, GAO L F et al. Ti₃CN MXene-based ultra- sensitive optical fiber salinity sensor[J]. Optics Letters, 1381(2022).

[62] ZHANG W J, ZHENG Y B, MIAO Y P et al. High-sensitivity optical fiber photothermal sensor for antibiotic detection with PDMS/Ti₃CN MXene composite coating[J]. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2220(2023).

[63] GORDON K, ZHOU X D, FEI L. Carbonitride MXenes: an innovative catalyst support for sustainable hydrogen production[J]. Chem Catalysis, 100664(2023).

[64] LI D Y, YANG C W, RAJENDRAN S et al. Nanoflower-like Ti₃CN@TiO₂/CdS heterojunction photocatalyst for efficient photocatalytic water splitting[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 19580(2022).

[65] XU Y J, WANG F, LEI S et al. In situ grown two-dimensional TiO₂/Ti₃CN MXene heterojunction rich in Ti³⁺ species for highly efficient photoelectrocatalytic CO₂ reduction[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 139392(2023).

[66] MENG F N, GAO L G, YAN Y L et al. Ultra-low-cost coal-based carbon electrodes with seamless interfacial contact for effective sandwich-structured perovskite solar cells[J]. Carbon, 290(2019).

[67] CAO J M, MENG F N, GAO L G et al. Alternative electrodes for HTMs and noble-metal-free perovskite solar cells: 2D MXenes electrodes[J]. RSC Advances, 34152(2019).