Researching | Research Advances on Femtosecond Laser Modulation of Optical Nonlinearity in Crystal Materials (Invited)

Acta Optica Sinica, Volume. 44, Issue 17, 1732014(2024)

Research Advances on Femtosecond Laser Modulation of Optical Nonlinearity in Crystal Materials (Invited)

Bin Zhang and Feng Chen^*

Author Affiliations

State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong , China

show less

Abstract Get PDF(in Chinese)

Figures&Tables (13)

References (123)

Paper Information

References(123)

[1] Zhang B, Wang L, Chen F. Recent advances in femtosecond laser processing of LiNbO3 crystals for photonic applications[J]. Laser & Photonics Reviews, 14, 1900407(2020).

[2] Li L Q, Kong W J, Chen F. Femtosecond laser-inscribed optical waveguides in dielectric crystals: a concise review and recent advances[J]. Advanced Photonics, 4, 024002(2022).

[3] Wang C L, Li Z H, Riemensberger J et al. Lithium tantalate photonic integrated circuits for volume manufacturing[J]. Nature, 629, 784-790(2024).

[4] Lu J D, Zhou S Y, Wu Y et al. Two-dimensional thin film lithium niobate photonic crystal waveguide for integrated photonic chips[J]. Applied Physics Letters, 124, 141104(2024).

[5] Hou J K, Zhu J F, Ma R X et al. Subwavelength photorefractive grating in a thin-film lithium niobate microcavity[J/OL]. Laser & Photonics Reviews:. https:∥onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/lpor.202301351

[6] Wang T X, Cheng X Y, Li X et al. Femtosecond-laser-assisted high-aspect-ratio nanolithography in lithium niobate[J]. Nanoscale, 15, 15298-15303(2023).

[7] Lisjikh B I, Kosobokov M S, Efimov A V et al. Thermally assisted growth of bulk domains created by femtosecond laser in magnesium doped lithium niobate[J]. Ferroelectrics, 604, 47-52(2023).

[8] Lisjikh B, Kosobokov M, Turygin A et al. Creation of a periodic domain structure in MgOLN by femtosecond laser irradiation[J]. Photonics, 10, 1211(2023).

[9] Boes A, Chang L, Langrock C et al. Lithium niobate photonics: unlocking the electromagnetic spectrum[J]. Science, 379, eabj4396(2023).

[10] Liu Q L, Song Y K, Wang F L et al. Ferroelectric domain reversal dynamics in LiNbO3 optical superlattice investigated with a real-time monitoring system[J]. Small, 18, e2202761(2022).

[11] Kudryashov S, Rupasov A, Kosobokov M et al. Ferroelectric nanodomain engineering in bulk lithium niobate crystals in ultrashort-pulse laser nanopatterning regime[J]. Nanomaterials, 12, 4147(2022).

[12] Zhuang Y, Yang Q X, Wu P F et al. Vortex beam array generated by a volume compound fork grating in lithium niobite[J]. Results in Physics, 24, 104083(2021).

[13] Zhu B, Liu H G, Liu Y A et al. Second-harmonic computer-generated holographic imaging through monolithic lithium niobate crystal by femtosecond laser micromachining[J]. Optics Letters, 45, 4132-4135(2020).

[14] Kong Y F, Bo F, Wang W W et al. Recent progress in lithium niobate: optical damage, defect simulation, and on-chip devices[J]. Advanced Materials, 32, e1806452(2020).

[15] Niu S J, Zhou Z Y, Cheng J X et al. Multi-color laser generation in periodically poled KTP crystal with single period[J]. Chinese Optics Letters, 21, 021901(2023).

[16] Dai F, Tian Q Q, Huang S Y et al. Photon pair generation in lithium niobate waveguide periodically poled by femtosecond laser[J]. Chinese Optics Letters, 21, 042701(2023).

[17] Zheng J X, Li H Y, Tian K S et al. Arbitrary fabrication of complex lithium niobate three-dimensional microstructures for second harmonic generation enhancement[J]. Optics Letters, 49, 850-853(2024).

[18] Fedotova A, Younesi M, Weissflog M et al. Spatially engineered nonlinearity in resonant metasurfaces[J]. Photonics Research, 11, 252-259(2023).

[19] Rozenberg E, Karnieli A, Yesharim O et al. Inverse design of spontaneous parametric downconversion for generation of high-dimensional qudits[J]. Optica, 9, 602-615(2022).

[20] Karnieli A, Li Y Y, Arie A. The geometric phase in nonlinear frequency conversion[J]. Frontiers of Physics, 17, 12301(2021).

[21] Chen Y S, Liu Y X, Zhao R W et al. Second-harmonic generation via nonlinear Raman-Nath diffraction in an optical fibonacci superlattice[J]. Crystal Research and Technology, 57, 2100193(2022).

[22] Yao W Z, Zhou C, Wang T X et al. Angle-multiplexing nonlinear holography for controllable generations of second-harmonic structured light beams[J]. Frontiers in Physics, 9, 644(2021).

[23] Ma J J, Xie F, Chen W J et al. Nonlinear lithium niobate metasurfaces for second harmonic generation[J]. Laser & Photonics Reviews, 15, 2000521(2021).

[24] Liu Y, Chen W, Tang J et al. Switchable second-harmonic generation of airy beam and airy vortex beam[J]. Advanced Optical Materials, 9, 2001776(2021).

[25] Xu T X, Zhao R W, Dai S X. Nonlinear beam shaping in periodical χ(2) fork gratings with structural defects[J]. Laser Physics, 30, 125401(2020).

[26] Chen Y, Ni R, Wu Y D et al. Phase-matching controlled orbital angular momentum conversion in periodically poled crystals[J]. Physical Review Letters, 125, 143901(2020).

[27] Zhao F Y, Xu X X, He H X et al. Vortex solitons in quasi-phase-matched photonic crystals[J]. Physical Review Letters, 130, 157203(2023).

[28] Xu X X, Zhao F Y, Huang J Y et al. Semidiscrete optical vortex droplets in quasi-phase-matched photonic crystals[J]. Optics Express, 31, 38343-38354(2023).

[29] Vyunishev A M, Arkhipkin V G, Chirkin A S. Frequency doubling of femtosecond laser pulses in three dimensional nonlinear photonic crystals[J]. Laser Physics Letters, 20, 035402(2023).

[30] Yu Q, Xu C, Chen S X et al. Manipulating orbital angular momentum entanglement in three-dimensional spiral nonlinear photonic crystals[J]. Photonics, 9, 504(2022).

[31] Liu Y, Chen W, Zhang W et al. Visible and online detection of near-infrared optical vortices via nonlinear photonic crystals[J]. Advanced Optical Materials, 10, 2101098(2022).

[32] Gómez-Tornero A, Palacios P, Molina P et al. Enhancing nonlinear interactions by the superposition of plasmonic lattices on χ(2)-nonlinear photonic crystals[J]. ACS Photonics, 8, 2529-2537(2021).

[33] Arie A. Storing and retrieving multiple images in 3D nonlinear photonic crystals[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 10, 202(2021).

[34] Li C, Wang X P, Wu Y et al. Three-dimensional nonlinear photonic crystal in naturally grown potassium-tantalate-niobate perovskite ferroelectrics[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 9, 193(2020).

[35] Fang X Y, Wang H J, Yang H C et al. Multichannel nonlinear holography in a two-dimensional nonlinear photonic crystal[J]. Physical Review A, 102, 043506(2020).

[36] Keren-Zur S, Ellenbogen T. A new dimension for nonlinear photonic crystals[J]. Nature Photonics, 12, 575-577(2018).

[37] Wei D Z, Wang C W, Wang H J et al. Experimental demonstration of a three-dimensional lithium niobate nonlinear photonic crystal[J]. Nature Photonics, 12, 596-600(2018).

[38] Zhang Y, Sheng Y, Zhu S N et al. Nonlinear photonic crystals: from 2D to 3D[J]. Optica, 8, 372-381(2021).

[39] Wang X J, Fang H H, Li Z Z et al. Laser manufacturing of spatial resolution approaching quantum limit[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 13, 6(2024).

[40] Wang H J, Lei Y H, Shayeganrad G et al. Increasing efficiency of ultrafast laser writing via nonlocality of light-matter interaction[J/OL]. Laser & Photonics Reviews:. https:∥onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/lpor.202301143

[41] Liu W J, Liu Q C, Ni X et al. Floquet parity-time symmetry in integrated photonics[J]. Nature Communications, 15, 946(2024).

[42] Li Z Z, Fan H, Wang L et al. Super-stealth dicing of transparent solids with nanometric precision[J/OL]. Nature Photonics, 1-12. https:∥www.nature.com/articles/s41566-024-01437-8#citeas

[43] Datta S, Clady R, Grojo D et al. Scalable nanophotonic structures inside silica glass laser-machined by intense shaped beams[J/OL]. Laser & Photonics Reviews:. https:∥onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/lpor. 202301365

[44] Zheng J X, Tian K S, Qi J Y et al. Advances in fabrication of micro-optical components by femtosecond laser with etching technology[J]. Optics & Laser Technology, 167, 109793(2023).

[45] Zhang Y X, Wu D, Zhang Y C et al. Femtosecond laser direct writing of functional stimulus-responsive structures and applications[J]. International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing, 5, 042012(2023).

[46] Zhang B, Wang Z, Tan D Z et al. Ultrafast laser-induced self-organized nanostructuring in transparent dielectrics: fundamentals and applications[J]. PhotoniX, 4, 24(2023).

[47] Wang Z, Zhang B, Wang Z Q et al. 3D imprinting of voxel-level structural colors in lithium niobate crystal[J]. Advanced Materials, 35, 2303256(2023).

[48] Ramon-Conde I, Rodriguez A, Olaizola S M et al. Study of the processing conditions for stainless steel additive manufacturing using femtosecond laser[J]. Optics & Laser Technology, 161, 109232(2023).

[49] Liu Q C, Liu W J, Ziegler K et al. Engineering of zeno dynamics in integrated photonics[J]. Physical Review Letters, 130, 103801(2023).

[50] Li J Q, Yan J F, Jiang L et al. Nanoscale multi-beam lithography of photonic crystals with ultrafast laser[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 12, 164(2023).

[51] Lei Y H, Wang H J, Skuja L et al. Ultrafast laser writing in different types of silica glass[J]. Laser & Photonics Reviews, 17, 2200978(2023).

[52] Lai P L, Chang C, Liu X Y et al. Multiplexing linear and nonlinear Bragg diffractions through volume gratings fabricated by femtosecond laser writing in lithium niobate crystal[J]. Photonics, 10, 562(2023).

[53] Sun K, Tan D Z, Fang X Y et al. Three-dimensional direct lithography of stable perovskite nanocrystals in glass[J]. Science, 375, 307-310(2022).

[54] Liu S F, Hou Z W, Lin L H et al. 3D nanoprinting of semiconductor quantum dots by photoexcitation-induced chemical bonding[J]. Science, 377, 1112-1116(2022).

[55] Zhang B, Wang Z, Tan D Z et al. Ultrafast laser inducing continuous periodic crystallization in the glass activated via laser-prepared crystallite-seeds[J]. Advanced Optical Materials, 9, 2001962(2021).

[56] Zhang B, Tan D Z, Wang Z et al. Self-organized phase-transition lithography for all-inorganic photonic textures[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 10, 93(2021).

[57] Xu S, Fan H, Li Z Z et al. Ultrafast laser-inscribed nanogratings in sapphire for geometric phase elements[J]. Optics Letters, 46, 536-539(2021).

[58] Tan D Z, Zhang B, Qiu J R. Ultrafast laser direct writing in glass: thermal accumulation engineering and applications[J]. Laser & Photonics Reviews, 15, 2000455(2021).

[59] Tan D Z, Wang Z, Xu B B et al. Photonic circuits written by femtosecond laser in glass: improved fabrication and recent progress in photonic devices[J]. Advanced Photonics, 3, 024002(2021).

[60] Huang X J, Guo Q Y, Yang D D et al. Reversible 3D laser printing of perovskite quantum dots inside a transparent medium[J]. Nature Photonics, 14, 82-88(2020).

[61] Zhang B, Tan D Z, Liu X F et al. Self-organized periodic crystallization in unconventional glass created by an ultrafast laser for optical attenuation in the broadband near-infrared region[J]. Advanced Optical Materials, 7, 1900593(2019).

[62] Ródenas A, Gu M, Corrielli G et al. Three-dimensional femtosecond laser nanolithography of crystals[J]. Nature Photonics, 13, 105-109(2019).

[63] Liu X Q, Bai B F, Chen Q D et al. Etching-assisted femtosecond laser modification of hard materials[J]. Opto-Electronic Advances, 2, 190021(2019).

[64] Sima F, Sugioka K, Vázquez R M et al. Three-dimensional femtosecond laser processing for lab-on-a-chip applications[J]. Nanophotonics, 7, 613-634(2018).

[65] Dietrich P I, Blaicher M, Reuter I et al. In situ 3D nanoprinting of free-form coupling elements for hybrid photonic integration[J]. Nature Photonics, 12, 241-247(2018).

[66] Sugioka K, Xu J, Wu D et al. Femtosecond laser 3D micromachining: a powerful tool for the fabrication of microfluidic, optofluidic, and electrofluidic devices based on glass[J]. Lab on a Chip, 14, 3447-3458(2014).

[67] Sugioka K, Cheng Y. Femtosecond laser three-dimensional micro- and nanofabrication[J]. Applied Physics Reviews, 1, 041303(2014).

[68] Choudhury D, MacDonald J R, Kar A K. Ultrafast laser inscription: perspectives on future integrated applications[J]. Laser & Photonics Reviews, 8, 827-846(2014).

[69] Vorobyev A Y, Guo C L. Direct femtosecond laser surface nano/microstructuring and its applications[J]. Laser & Photonics Reviews, 7, 385-407(2013).

[70] Gattass R R, Mazur E. Femtosecond laser micromachining in transparent materials[J]. Nature Photonics, 2, 219-225(2008).

[71] Liu J X, Zhang H J, Ai S W et al. New channel guiding structures via femtosecond laser direct writing z-cut LiNbO3 crystals[J]. Results in Physics, 57, 107379(2024).

[72] Zhang X Y, Zhang B, Wei S H et al. Telecom-band-integrated multimode photonic quantum memory[J]. Science Advances, 9, eadf4587(2023).

[73] Shen Y M, Wu B, Zhang B et al. Femtosecond-laser-written helical cladding waveguides: 3D fabrication and mode modulation[J]. Optics & Laser Technology, 163, 109337(2023).

[74] Zhang X L, Yu F, Chen Z G et al. Non-Abelian braiding on photonic chips[J]. Nature Photonics, 16, 390-395(2022).

[75] Wang Y D, Tian Z N, Li Y C et al. Phase customization in photonic integrated circuits with trimmed waveguides[J]. Optics Letters, 47, 5889-5892(2022).

[76] Sun Y K, Zhang X L, Yu F et al. Non-Abelian Thouless pumping in photonic waveguides[J]. Nature Physics, 18, 1080-1085(2022).

[77] Shen Y M, Wu B, Liu W J et al. Femtosecond laser writing of waveguides in zinc oxide crystals: fabrication and mode modulation[J]. Optics Express, 30, 27694-27703(2022).

[78] Zhang B, Li L Q, Wu B et al. Femtosecond laser inscribed novel polarization beam splitters based on tailored waveguide configurations[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 39, 1438-1443(2021).

[79] Yu F, Zhang X L, Tian Z N et al. General rules governing the dynamical encircling of an arbitrary number of exceptional points[J]. Physical Review Letters, 127, 253901(2021).

[80] Yu F, Wang L C, Chen Y et al. Polarization independent quantum devices with ultra-low birefringence glass waveguides[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 39, 1451-1457(2021).

[81] Yu F, Tian Z N, Piacentini S et al. Resetting directional couplers for high-fidelity quantum photonic integrated chips[J]. Optics Letters, 46, 5181-5184(2021).

[82] Li Z Z, Li X Y, Yu F et al. Circular cross section waveguides processed by multi-foci-shaped femtosecond pulses[J]. Optics Letters, 46, 520-523(2021).

[83] Zhang B, He S, Yang Q X et al. Femtosecond laser modification of 6H-SiC crystals for waveguide devices[J]. Applied Physics Letters, 116, 111903(2020).

[84] Jia Y C, Wang S X, Chen F. Femtosecond laser direct writing of flexibly configured waveguide geometries in optical crystals: fabrication and application[J]. Opto-Electronic Advances, 3, 190042(2020).

[85] Chen F, de Aldana J R V. Optical waveguides in crystalline dielectric materials produced by femtosecond-laser micromachining[J]. Laser & Photonics Reviews, 8, 251-275(2014).

[86] Li Z Z, Wang L, Fan H et al. O-FIB: far-field-induced near-field breakdown for direct nanowriting in an atmospheric environment[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 9, 41(2020).

[87] Gao S, Li Z Z, Hu Z Y et al. Diamond optical vortex generator processed by ultraviolet femtosecond laser[J]. Optics Letters, 45, 2684-2687(2020).

[88] Xu T X, Switkowski K, Chen X et al. Three-dimensional nonlinear photonic crystal in ferroelectric barium calcium titanate[J]. Nature Photonics, 12, 591-595(2018).

[89] Jia Y C, Chen F. Recent progress on femtosecond laser micro-/nano-fabrication of functional photonic structures in dielectric crystals: a brief review and perspective[J]. APL Photonics, 8, 090901(2023).

[90] Dong B, Zhang J, Wang D W et al. Femtosecond laser micromachining optical devices[J]. Opto-Electronic Engineering, 50, 220073(2023).

[91] Li L F, Zhang L R, Xu L Q et al. Research progress on femtosecond laser fabrication of nonlinear photonic crystals[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 50, 0802401(2023).

[92] Tian Y L, Li Q B, Yan L L et al. A brief review on nonlinear photonic crystals induced by direct femtosecond laser writing[J]. Photonics, 10, 833(2023).

[93] Imbrock J, Hanafi H, Ayoub M et al. Local domain inversion in MgO-doped lithium niobate by pyroelectric field-assisted femtosecond laser lithography[J]. Applied Physics Letters, 113, 252901(2018).

[94] Liu S, Switkowski K, Xu C L et al. Nonlinear wavefront shaping with optically induced three-dimensional nonlinear photonic crystals[J]. Nature Communications, 10, 3208(2019).

[95] Liu D W, Liu S, Mazur L M et al. Smart optically induced nonlinear photonic crystals for frequency conversion and control[J]. Applied Physics Letters, 116, 051104(2020).

[96] Liu S, Mazur L M, Krolikowski W et al. Nonlinear volume holography in 3D nonlinear photonic crystals[J]. Laser & Photonics Reviews, 14, 2000224(2020).

[97] Wang B X, Hong X M, Wang K et al. Nonlinear detour phase holography[J]. Nanoscale, 13, 2693-2702(2021).

[98] Chen X, Liu D W, Liu S et al. Optical induction and erasure of ferroelectric domains in tetragonal PMN-38PT crystals[J]. Advanced Optical Materials, 10, 2102115(2022).

[99] Chen X, Mazur L M, Liu D W et al. Quasi-phase matched second harmonic generation in a PMN-38PT crystal[J]. Optics Letters, 47, 2056-2059(2022).

[100] Chen Y S, Yang C, Liu S et al. Optically induced nonlinear cubic crystal system for 3D quasi-phase matching[J]. Advanced Photonics Research, 3, 2100268(2022).

[101] Wang N N, Liu S, Zhao R W et al. Effect of spatial variation of the duty cycle in transverse second-harmonic generation[J]. Optics Letters, 47, 3656-3659(2022).

[102] Xu X Y, Wang T X, Chen P C et al. Femtosecond laser writing of lithium niobate ferroelectric nanodomains[J]. Nature, 609, 496-501(2022).

[103] Wang X L, Cao Q, Wang R N et al. Manipulation of ferroelectric domain inversion and growth by optically induced 3D thermoelectric field in lithium niobate[J]. Applied Physics Letters, 121, 181111(2022).

[104] Liu S, Wang L, Mazur L M et al. Highly efficient 3D nonlinear photonic crystals in ferroelectrics[J]. Advanced Optical Materials, 11, 2300021(2023).

[105] Wei D Z, Wang C W, Xu X Y et al. Efficient nonlinear beam shaping in three-dimensional lithium niobate nonlinear photonic crystals[J]. Nature Communications, 10, 4193(2019).

[106] Chen P C, Wang C W, Wei D Z et al. Quasi-phase-matching-division multiplexing holography in a three-dimensional nonlinear photonic crystal[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 10, 146(2021).

[107] Wang S, Liu S, Liu D W et al. Ferroelectric domain engineering with femtosecond pulses of different wavelengths[J]. Optics Express, 31, 5843-5852(2023).

[108] Wang X L, Cao Q, Wang R N et al. Domain growth driven by a femtosecond laser in lithium niobate crystal[J]. Optics Letters, 48, 566-569(2023).

[109] Chen P C, Xu X Y, Wang T X et al. Laser nanoprinting of 3D nonlinear holograms beyond 25000 pixels-per-inch for inter-wavelength-band information processing[J]. Nature Communications, 14, 5523(2023).

[110] Xu X Y, Chen P C, Ma T X et al. Large field-of-view nonlinear holography in lithium niobate[J]. Nano Letters, 24, 1303-1308(2024).

[111] Wang N N, Liu S, Xu T X et al. Structuring light beams via nonlinear diffraction in 3D nonlinear photonic crystal[J]. Optics & Laser Technology, 168, 109994(2024).

[112] Zhu B, Liu H G, Chen Y P et al. High conversion efficiency second-harmonic beam shaping via amplitude-type nonlinear photonic crystals[J]. Optics Letters, 45, 220-223(2019).

[113] Xu C A, Huang S T, Yu Q et al. Manipulating the orbital-angular-momentum correlation of entangled two-photon states in three-dimensional nonlinear photonic crystals[J]. Physical Review A, 104, 063716(2021).

[114] Wang C W, Chen P C, Wei D Z et al. Sequential three-dimensional nonlinear photonic structures for efficient and switchable nonlinear beam shaping[J]. ACS Photonics, 10, 456-463(2023).

[115] Thomas J, Hilbert V, Geiss R et al. Quasi phase matching in femtosecond pulse volume structured x-cut lithium niobate[J]. Laser & Photonics Reviews, 7, L17-L20(2013).

[116] Kroesen S, Tekce K, Imbrock J et al. Monolithic fabrication of quasi phase-matched waveguides by femtosecond laser structuring the χ(2) nonlinearity[J]. Applied Physics Letters, 107, 101109(2015).

[117] Imbrock J, Wesemann L, Kroesen S et al. Waveguide-integrated three-dimensional quasi-phase-matching structures[J]. Optica, 7, 28-34(2020).

[118] Yuan T G, Zhu B, Tu H H et al. Femtosecond laser direct writing quasi-phase matched type‑Ⅱ waveguide in lithium niobate[J]. Optical Materials Express, 13, 1-8(2023).

[119] Wang R N, Cao Q, Wang X L et al. Second-harmonic flat-top beam shaping via a three-dimensional nonlinear photonic crystal[J]. Optics Letters, 49, 1097-1100(2024).

[120] Shao M C, Liang F, Yu H H et al. Pushing periodic-disorder-induced phase matching into the deep-ultraviolet spectral region: theory and demonstration[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 9, 45(2020).

[121] Shao M C, Liang F, Yu H H et al. Angular engineering strategy of an additional periodic phase for widely tunable phase-matched deep-ultraviolet second harmonic generation[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 11, 31(2022).

[122] Shao M C, Liang F, Zhang Z M et al. Spatial frequency manipulation of a quartz crystal for phase-matched second-harmonic vacuum ultraviolet generation[J]. Laser & Photonics Reviews, 17, 2300244(2023).

[123] Zhang Z M, Shao M C, Liang F et al. Cascaded second harmonic generation for deep-UV radiations with a 2D nonlinear photonic quartz crystal[J]. Laser & Photonics Reviews, 18, 2300664(2024).

Tools

Get Citation

Copy Citation Text

Bin Zhang, Feng Chen. Research Advances on Femtosecond Laser Modulation of Optical Nonlinearity in Crystal Materials (Invited)[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2024, 44(17): 1732014

Download Citation

EndNote(RIS)BibTex Plain Text

Set citation alerts for article

Save article for my favorites

Paper Information

Category: Ultrafast Optics

Received: May. 29, 2024

Accepted: Jun. 26, 2024

Published Online: Sep. 11, 2024

The Author Email: Feng Chen (drfchen@sdu.edu.cn)

DOI:10.3788/AOS241091

CSTR:32393.14.AOS241091

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology