Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystals and Displays, Volume. 40, Issue 2, 309(2025)
Effect of liquid crystalline ordering on the self-assembly behavior of block copolymers in solutions
Fig. 1. (a) Chemical structure and schematic illustration of the triblock copolymer PAA-b-PCEMA-b-PFOEMA; (b, c, e) TEM images and (d, f) AFM images of micelle structure of triblock copolymer PAA-b-PCEMA-b-PFMA assembled in mixed solvent (TFT/MeOH); (g) Schematic illustration and TEM images of ring, racquet and other ring polygonal micelles assembled from block copolymer PAA-b-PCEMA-b-PFMA; (h) Schematic illustration of packing of the PFOEMA block at a sharp vertex and in the straight sections of the polygonal structure[29].
Fig. 2. (a) Chemical structure and schematic illustration of the diblock copolymer PEG-b-PCholA; (b) Cryo-TEM image of the nanofiber structure micelle assembled by diblock copolymer PEG114-b-PCholA (14%∶86% is the hydrophilic/hydrophobic weight ratio) in water; (c) Structural model of nanofiber micelles;(d) Cryo-TEM image of the vesicles assembled by diblock copolymer PEG114-b-PCholA (28%∶72%) in water; (e) Structural model of vesicles[30].
Fig. 3. (a) Chemical structure of diblock copolymer P2VP-b-PFMA and schematic illustration of monodisperse cylindrical micelles prepared by self-seeding process; TEM images of uniform micelles obtained for the seed micelles were annealed at (b) 50 ℃ and(c) 75 ℃ for 1 h and cooled to room temperature; (d) Number average length Ln of micelles versus annealing temperature[35].
Fig. 4. (a) Chemical structure of diblock copolymer PBLG-b-PNIPAM and the formation of monodisperse cylindrical micelles through seed growth; (b) TEM images of cylindrical micelles; (c) Schematic illustration of the LC structure along the main axis of the micelles; (d) TEM images of terminated PBLG-b-PNIPAM cylindrical micelles; (e) Schematic illustration to simulate the morphology of terminating aggregates[36]; (f) Fusion growth process of forming monodisperse 2D disk micelles; (g)TEM images of disk seeds formed by PBLG-b-PEG; (h) TEM images and (i) CLSM images of disk micelles were prepared by seeded-growth; (j) Diagram of the area of the disk with the ratio of monomers and seeds[37].
Fig. 5. (a) Chemical structure of diblock copolymer P2VP-b-PFMA and the formation of dynamic covalent bonds between PhSeBr and P2VP units; (b) Schematic illustration of cylindrical micelles prepared by one-pot method and (c) diagram of mechanism; (d) AFM image of cylindrical micelles prepared by the one-pot method; (e) Linear relationship between M/MI and 1/RI for small molecule initiators; (f) TEM image of the cylindrical micelles produced from the thermo-seeded growth process[39]; (g) Schematic illustration of pentablock cylindrical micelles prepared by in-situ initiation-growth strategy and (h) TEM image, and the inset is DF-TEM image and corresponding EDX-ray analysis[40].
Fig. 6. (a) Schematic illustration of initiators in four different dimensions; TEM images of hierarchical micelles prepared with (b) P(tBA-r-AA)as a zero-dimensional initiator, (c) CNT as a one-dimensional initiator, (d) GO as a two-dimensional initiator and (e) NS as a three-dimensional initiator[39].
Fig. 7. (a) Schematic illustration of controllable preparation of cylindrical micelles by in-situ nucleation-growth strategy; (b) TEM images of homogeneous triblock cylindrical micelles; (c) Variation of cylindrical micelles length versus the time and solution temperature during the cooling process; (d) Variation of cylindrical micelles length with the mass ratio of P2VP90-b-PFMA61 and P2VP68-b-PFMA41; (e) TEM images of heterogeneous triblock cylindrical micelles; (f) TEM images of heterogeneous pentablock cylindrical micelles; (g) TEM and TEM-EDS images of heterogeneous triblock hybrid cylindrical micelles[41].
Fig. 8. (a) Chemical structure of diblock copolymer PMMA-b-PCholMA and schematic illustration of uniform cylindrical micelles prepared by in-situ nucleation-growth strategy; TEM images of cylindrical micelles obtained in different solvent mixtures: 8% (volume fraction) (b)TCE and (c) DMSO in NMP; (d) The variation of cylindrical micelle length and PDI versus the volume fraction of the solvents; (e) Length and PDI of cylindrical micelles versus different solvent composition[42].
Fig. 9. (a) Chemical structure of diblock copolymer PtBA-b-PHATMA; (b) Schematic illustration of the two morphological evolution routes with different mechanisms; (c~f) TEM images of micelles by self-assembly of PtBA-b-PHATMA; (g) Schematic illustration of intramolecular chain rearrangement mechanism; (h) Schematic illustration of the doping of HAT moieties with TNF molecules and the corresponding packing of discotic mesogens; (i) TEM image of fiber-like micelles after doping a higher ratio of TNF (r=1.0); (j) TEM images of cylindrical micelles by self-seeding under annealing condition at 72 ℃; (k) Plot of Ln and the semilogarithmic plot of the fraction of surviving seeds versus annealing temperatures[43].
Fig. 10. (a) Synthesis route of PDMA-b-PBzMA-b-PFMA triblock copolymer; (b~i) TEM images of typical micelles morphology; (j) Schematic illustration of mesogen-tuned morphological transition of the assemblies by polymerization-induced self-assembly[44].
Fig. 11. (a) Schematic illustration of the PICSA process of azobenzene-containing BCPs; (b)TEM images of typical micelles morphology prepared by PICSA method; (c,d) AFM images of helical fiber-like structures[46].
Fig. 12. (a) Schematic illustration of the PISA process of stilbene-containing BCPs; (b,c)TEM images and (d) AFM image of typical cylindrical micelles; (e) Phase diagram of self-assembly structure of PMAStb with different polymerization degree and different solid content[50].
Fig. 13. (a) Schematic illustration of the “end-to-end” coupling process; (b) Corresponding TEM images; (c) DLS data of micelles after annealing at 70 ℃ for 16 h and 6 months[35]; (d) Schematic illustration of the mechanism of one-step “end-to-end” coupling protocol to form hierarchical supermicellar fibrils; (e) TEM and (f) AFM images of the supermicellar fibrils[59].
Fig. 14. (a) SEM image of rod-like micelles of PBLG-g-PEG; (b~f) SEM images of the aggregates generated from the rod-like micelles with the increase of DMF or THF content (volumn fraction); (d,g) TEM images of corresponding figures (c) and (f), respectively[61]. The scale is 300 nm.
Fig. 15. (a) Schematic illustration of the formation of bundle-like nanostructures in solution by a two-step process; (b) SEM image of the initial nanorods formed in PBLG60-b-PEG80/PBLG411 polymer solution; (c,d) SEM images of the bundle-like structure; (e) Hydrodynamic radius (Rh) distribution of aggregates at different times; (f) Number-average degree of polymerization (Xn) versus polymerization time[64].
Fig. 16. TEM images of amphiphilic triblock cylindrical micelles formed by supramolecular assembly of P2VP68-b-PFMA41 and PMMA164-b-PCholMA22 in 2-PrOH. (a) Individual (R=1%); (b)“Cross“-shaped (R=2%); (c) Bundled(R=5%); (d) Aggregated cylindrical micelles (R=20%); (e) Corresponding structural model diagrams. The inset in (a) is a TEM-EDS line scan analysis image of the sample[41].
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Mingzhu ZHAO, Bixin JIN, Xiaoyu LI. Effect of liquid crystalline ordering on the self-assembly behavior of block copolymers in solutions[J]. Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystals and Displays, 2025, 40(2): 309
Category: Soft Matter Self-assembly
Received: Aug. 29, 2024
Accepted: --
Published Online: Mar. 28, 2025
The Author Email: Xiaoyu LI (xiaoyuli@bit.edu.cn)