Numerical Simulation and Experimental Optimization of Pulse Laser Processing Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Plate

Song Cai; Jinchao Song; Da Chen; Yuebing Wen; Zhijian He; Nengru Tao; Guoqi He

doi:10.3788/AOS231493

Acta Optica Sinica, Volume. 44, Issue 3, 0314002(2024)

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Optimization of Pulse Laser Processing Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Plate

Song Cai^1,2, Jinchao Song¹, Da Chen¹, Yuebing Wen², Zhijian He², Nengru Tao², and Guoqi He^1、*

Author Affiliations

¹School of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412000, Hunan, China

²School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha 430100, Hunan, China

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Abstract Get PDF(in Chinese)

Figures & Tables(24)

Fig. 1. Numerical simulation of temperature changes in carbon fiber materials treated with pulsed fiber laser. (a) Laser power is 1 W; (b) laser power is 5 W; (c) laser power is 9 W; (d) laser power is 20 W

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Fig. 2. Schematic of process of laser processing CFRP

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Fig. 3. Sectional view of CFRP composite plate

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Fig. 4. Position of etching line on the materials

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Fig. 5. Etching lines of pulsed laser at different scanning speeds

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Fig. 6. Etching lines for the span of 1 cm lifting axis

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Fig. 7. Etching lines for the span of 0.2 cm lifting axis

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Fig. 8. Variation of etching line width with the scale of laser lift axis

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Fig. 9. Morphology of the surface of CFRP composite by pulsed laser ablation

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Fig. 10. Morphologies of CFRP plate after pulse laser ablation. (a) Laser power is 1 W; (b) laser power is 5 W; (c) laser power is 9 W

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Fig. 11. Pattern of laser ablation CFRP

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Fig. 12. CFRP plate after laser ablation

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Fig. 13. Schematic of surface roughness measurement

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Fig. 14. Variation of sample variance S² of surface roughness

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Fig. 15. Variation of surface roughness

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Fig. 16. Pulse laser ablation of CFRP material process samples

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Table 1. Thermophysical parameters of carbon fiber and epoxy resin

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Table 1. Thermophysical parameters of carbon fiber and epoxy resin

Name	symbol	Unit	Value
Name	symbol	Unit	Carbon fiber	Epoxy resin
Atomic mass	m	kg	1.993×10^-26	-
Density	ρ_s	kg·m^-3	1850	1250
Thermal diffusivity	k	cm²·s^-1	0.38	0.001
Thermal conductivity	k_s	W·m^-1·K^-1	5	0.2
Specific heat capacity	c	J·kg^-1·K^-1	710	1200
Vaporization temperature	T_v	℃	3627	527
Decomposition temperature	T_m	℃	880	425
Absorption rate	b	-	0.584	-

Table 2. Numerical simulation calculation parameters
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Table 2. Numerical simulation calculation parameters
Name Symbol Unit Value
Laser wavelength λ nm 1064
Pulse repetition rate f kHz 200
Spot diameter D μm 50
Pulse width τ ns 80

Table 3. Numerical simulation combined calculation parameters for carbon fiber along perpendicular direction
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Table 3. Numerical simulation combined calculation parameters for carbon fiber along perpendicular direction
Name Unit Value
Pulse width ns 80
Time step μm 0.021
Spatial step μm 0.15
kΔt/［ρc（Δx）²］ - 0.0355

Table 4. Processing parameters of etching lines
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Table 4. Processing parameters of etching lines
Name Numeric value
Laser power P /W 20
Laser wavelength λ /nm 1064
Repetition frequency f /kHz 200
Scanning time t /s 0.2
Pulse width τ /ns 80
Light out method Line scanning

Table 5. Etching line width with different defocusing amounts

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Table 5. Etching line width with different defocusing amounts

Laser lift axis scale h /cm	Etching longitudinal beam line width l₁/μm	Etching latitudinal beam line width l₂/μm
7.0	575±58	378±38
7.2	485±49	328±33
7.4	421±42	288±29
7.5	328±33	246±25
7.6	282±28	220±22
7.7	348±35	267±27
7.8	361±36	302±30
8.0	389±39	374±38

Table 6. Experimental parameters of pulsed laser ablation of CFRP plates
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Table 6. Experimental parameters of pulsed laser ablation of CFRP plates
Laser power /W Laser scanning speed /（mm·s^-1） Repetition rate /kHz Defocusing distance /mm
1 200 220 0
5 200 220 0
9 200 220 0

Table 7. Processing parameters for the experiment
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Table 7. Processing parameters for the experiment
Name Numeric value
Amount of defocus x /mm 0
Laser wavelength λ /nm 1064
Laser power /W 1，3，5，7，9
Laser scanning speed v /（mm·s^-1） 80，200，320
Light out method Line scanning

Table 8. Surface roughness data of plate after cleaning

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Table 8. Surface roughness data of plate after cleaning

Laser power P /W	Laser scanning speed v /（mm·s^-1）	Surface roughness value R_a /μm
Laser power P /W	Laser scanning speed v /（mm·s^-1）	Measuring point 1	Measuring point 2	Measuring point 3	Measuring point 4	Average value	Variance
1	80	8.90	7.58	7.81	4.68	7.2425	3.250
	200	2.62	2.01	3.12	3.13	2.7200	0.281
	320	3.02	3.79	2.87	3.11	3.1975	0.166
3	80	12.48	14.36	9.65	7.90	11.0975	8.291
	200	6.52	5.89	5.72	9.22	6.8375	2.641
	320	3.09	3.45	3.43	3.01	3.2450	0.052
5	80	7.39	7.54	8.82	7.79	7.8850	0.416
	200	9.11	10.54	8.06	9.34	9.2625	1.036
	320	8.47	8.99	6.68	8.14	8.0700	0.981
7	80	6.41	5.74	9.89	5.71	6.9375	3.979
	200	10.36	7.39	11.63	9.70	9.7700	3.159
	320	10.50	11.15	9.89	11.07	10.6525	0.342
9	80	8.94	6.94	13.62	6.17	8.9175	11.191
	200	6.04	6.19	9.01	7.38	7.1550	1.889
	320	13.05	13.67	10.96	9.74	11.8550	3.332

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Song Cai, Jinchao Song, Da Chen, Yuebing Wen, Zhijian He, Nengru Tao, Guoqi He. Numerical Simulation and Experimental Optimization of Pulse Laser Processing Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Plate[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2024, 44(3): 0314002

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