Three-dimensional imaging and holographic display technologies can capture and present the three-dimensional light-field information of objects, making them vital sensing and display technologies in the industrial and commercial sectors. These technologies urgently need to meet certain performance requirements, such as a wide field of view, large numerical aperture, high spatial bandwidth product, high resolution, and compact size. Owing to their single functionality, large size, and difficulty in integration, traditional optical elements struggle to meet these requirements simultaneously. Metasurface technology leverages the interaction between light and matter at subwavelength scales, using carefully designed nano-antenna arrays to arbitrarily manipulate the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves, such as amplitude, phase, polarization, and frequency. This offers new possibilities for developing thin, multifunctional, planar, and easily integrated optical elements. This paper discusses the research progress on metasurfaces in three-dimensional imaging technology, including both active and passive three-dimensional imaging methods. Active imaging techniques include structured light technology and beam scanning technology, whereas passive three-dimensional imaging includes binocular vision, lens array, and standard point spread function engineering types. Based on this, the latest advancements made by our research group in the field of metasurface holographic displays are introduced. Finally, the limitations and future development directions of metasurfaces in three-dimensional imaging and holographic displays are discussed.