[1] [1] IKEDA E, YAMAGUCHI M, KAWABATA S. Gut microbiota-mediated alleviation of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice[J]. Gastro Hep Adv, 2024, 3(4): 461-470. DOI: 10.1016/j.gastha.2024.01.016.

[2] [2] MOHAMMADHASANI K, VAHEDI FARD M, MOTTAGHI MOGHADDAM SHAHRI A, et al. Polyphenols improve non-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseviagut microbiota: a comprehensive review[J]. Food Sci Nutr, 2024, 12(8): 5341-5356. DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4178.

[3] [3] ZHAO J Q, ZHAO C Y, XUN T R, et al. Huang Gan formula alleviates systemic inflammation and uremia in adenine-induced chronic kidney disease rats may associate with modification of gut microbiota and colonic microenvironment[J]. Drug Des Devel Ther, 2024, 18: 13-28. DOI: 10.2147/DDDT.S421446.

[4] [4] FEI S F, HOU C, JIA F. Effects of salidroside on atherosclerosis: potential contribution of gut microbiota[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2024, 15: 1400981. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1400981.

[5] [5] POURAHMAD R, SALEKI K, ZARE GHOLINEJAD M, et al. Exploring the effect of gut microbiome on Alzheimer's disease[J]. Biochem Biophys Rep, 2024, 39: 101776. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101776.

[6] [6] LI Y Z, ZHANG R Z, FU C B, et al. Intratumoral microbiome promotes liver metastasis and dampens adjuvant imatinib treatment in gastrointestinal stromal tumor[J]. Cancer Lett, 2024, 601: 217149. DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217149.

[7] [7] BEERY A K, ZUCKER I. Sex bias in neuroscience and biomedical research[J]. Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 2011, 35(3): 565-572. DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.07.002.

[8] [8] FALONY G, JOOSSENS M, VIEIRA-SILVA S, et al. Population-level analysis of gut microbiome variation[J]. Science, 2016, 352(6285): 560-564. DOI: 10.1126/science.aad3503.

[10] [10] LIANG X, BUSHMAN F D, FITZGERALD G A. Rhythmicity of the intestinal microbiota is regulated by gender and the host circadian clock[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2015, 112(33): 10479-10484. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1501305112.

[11] [11] CHEN S H, WANG C B, ZOU X, et al. Multi-omics insights implicate the remodeling of the intestinal structure and microbiome in aging[J]. Front Genet, 2024, 15: 1450064. DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1450064.

[12] [12] WU Y, PENG X X, LI X Y, et al. Sex hormones influence the intestinal microbiota composition in mice[J]. Front Microbiol, 2022, 13: 964847. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.964847.

[13] [13] MAITE C B, ROY M, EMILIE V. The effect of sex-specific differences on IL-10-/- mouse colitis phenotype and microbiota[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2023, 24(12): 10364. DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210364.

[14] [14] ELDERMAN M, HUGENHOLTZ F, BELZER C, et al. Sex and strain dependent differences in mucosal immunology and microbiota composition in mice[J]. Biol Sex Differ, 2018, 9(1): 26. DOI: 10.1186/s13293-018-0186-6.

[15] [15] WANG L, TU Y X, CHEN L, et al. Male-biased gut microbiome and metabolites aggravate colorectal cancer development[J]. Adv Sci, 2023, 10(25): e2206238. DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206238.

[16] [16] ZHU Q, QI N, SHEN L, et al. Sexual dimorphism in lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in mice fed a high-fat diet[J]. Nutrients, 2023, 15(9): 2175. DOI: 10.3390/nu15092175.

[17] [17] SHI Y, WEI L, XING L, et al. Sex difference is a determinant of gut microbes and their metabolites SCFAs/MCFAs in high fat diet fed rats[J]. Curr Microbiol, 2022, 79(11): 347. DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-03025-x.

[18] [18] CHANG Y M, KANG Y R, LEE Y G, et al. Sex differences in colonic gene expression and fecal microbiota composition in a mouse model of obesity-associated colorectal cancer[J]. Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1): 3576. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53861-z.

[19] [19] EFRON P A, DARDEN D B, LI E C, et al. Sex differences associate with late microbiome alterations after murine surgical sepsis[J]. J Trauma Acute Care Surg, 2022, 93(2): 137-146. DOI: 10.1097/TA.0000000000003599.

[20] [20] CHEN T L, YOU Y J, XIE G X, et al. Strategy for an association study of the intestinal microbiome and brain metabolome across the lifespan of rats[J]. Anal Chem, 2018, 90(4): 2475-2483. DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02859.

[21] [21] DUAN X Q, XIE X, ZHU C, et al. Sex difference of effect ofSophora flavescenson gut microbiota in rats[J]. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2022, 2022: 4552904. DOI: 10.1155/2022/4552904.

[22] [22] HILDEBRAND F, EBERSBACH T, NIELSEN H B, et al. A comparative analysis of the intestinal metagenomes present in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) and humans (Homo sapiens)[J]. BMC Genomics, 2012, 13: 514. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-13-514.

[23] [23] FRIAS H, MURGA VALDERRAMA N L, FLORES DURAND G J, et al. Comparative analysis of fasting effects on the cecum microbiome in three guinea pig breeds: Andina, Inti, and Peru[J]. Front Microbiol, 2023, 14: 1283738. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1283738.

[24] [24] AL K, SARR O, DUNLOP K, et al. Impact of birth weight and postnatal diet on the gut microbiota of young adult guinea pigs[J]. PeerJ, 2017, 5: e2840. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2840.

[25] [25] WU Y J, FAN H, FENG Y L, et al. Unveiling the gut microbiota and metabolite profiles in guinea pigs with form deprivation myopia through 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomics[J]. Heliyon, 2024, 10(9): e30491. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30491.

[26] [26] SYLVIA K E, JEWELL C P, RENDON N M, et al. Sex-specific modulation of the gut microbiome and behavior in Siberian hamsters[J]. Brain Behav Immun, 2017, 60: 51-62. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.10.023.

[27] [27] SENCIO V, MACHELART A, ROBIL C, et al. Alteration of the gut microbiota following SARS-CoV-2 infection correlates with disease severity in hamsters[J]. Gut Microbes, 2022, 14(1): 2018900. DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.2018900.

[28] [28] FAN C, ZHENG Y J, XUE H L, et al. Different gut microbial types were found in captive striped hamsters[J]. PeerJ, 2023, 11: e16365. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16365.

[30] [30] FU C, MA Y, XIA S Q, et al. Study on changes in gut microbiota and microbiability in rabbits at different developmental stages[J]. Animals, 2024, 14(12): 1741. DOI: 10.3390/ani14121741.

[31] [31] ABDEL-KAFY E M, KAMEL K I, SEVERGNINI M, et al. Diversity and co-occurrence pattern analysis of cecal and jejunal microbiota in two rabbit breeds[J]. Animals, 2023, 13(14): 2294. DOI: 10.3390/ani13142294.

[32] [32] LI K Y, ABDELSATTAR M M, GU M M, et al. The effects of temperature and humidity index on growth performance, colon microbiota, and serum metabolome ofIrarabbits[J]. Animals, 2023, 13(12): 1971. DOI: 10.3390/ani13121971.

[33] [33] YOU I, KIM M J. Comparison of gut microbiota of 96 healthy dogs by individual traits: breed, age, and body condition score[J]. Animals, 2021, 11(8): 2432. DOI: 10.3390/ani11082432.

[34] [34] FERNNDEZ-PINTEO A, PILLA R, MANTECA X, et al. Age-associated changes in intestinal health biomarkers in dogs[J]. Front Vet Sci, 2023, 10: 1213287. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1213287.

[35] [35] HU Q M, CHENG L G, CAO X T, et al. Comparative analysis of gut microbiota of Chinese Kunming dog, German Shepherd dog, and Belgian Malinois dog[J]. J Vet Sci, 2024, 25(6): e85. DOI: 10.4142/jvs.24181.

[36] [36] ROJAS C A, PARK B, SCARSELLA E, et al. Species-level characterization of the core microbiome in healthy dogs using full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing[J]. Front Vet Sci, 2024, 11: 1405470. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1405470.

[37] [37] LANGON X. Validation of method for faecal sampling in cats and dogs for faecal microbiome analysis[J]. BMC Vet Res, 2023, 19(1): 274. DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03842-7.

[38] [38] KILBURN-KAPPELER L R, DOERKSEN T, LU A, et al. Evaluation of corn fermented protein on the fecal microbiome of cats[J]. J Anim Sci, 2024, 102: skae268. DOI: 10.1093/jas/skae268.

[39] [39] DRUT A, MKAOUAR H, KRIAA A, et al. Gut microbiota in cats with inflammatory bowel disease and low-grade intestinal T-cell lymphoma[J]. Front Microbiol, 2024, 15: 1346639. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1346639.

[40] [40] YANG Y P, LU Y, YU P J, et al. Characterization of gut microbial alterations in cynomolgus macaques during growth and maturation[J]. Zool Res, 2022, 43(2): 176-179. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2021.304.

[41] [41] YANG Y P, XU N, YAO L L, et al. Characterizing bacterial and fungal communities along the longitudinal axis of the intestine in Cynomolgus monkeys[J]. Microbiol Spectr, 2023, 11(6): e0199623. DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01996-23.

[42] [42] YANG Y P, YU M L, LU Y, et al. Characterizing the rhythmic oscillations of gut bacterial and fungal communities and their rhythmic interactions in male Cynomolgus monkeys[J]. Microbiol Spectr, 2024, 12(11): e0072224. DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00722-24.

[43] [43] LI Y H, CHEN T, LI Y B, et al. Gut microbiota are associated with sex and age of host: Evidence from semi-provisionedRhesusmacaques in southwest Guangxi, China[J]. Ecol Evol, 2021, 11(12): 8096-8122. DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7643.

[46] [46] JIANG X, CHEN B Z, GU D S, et al. Gut microbial compositions in four age groups of Tibetan minipigs[J]. Pol J Microbiol, 2018, 67(3): 383-388. DOI: 10.21307/pjm-2018-038.

[47] [47] YOSI F, LERCH F, VTTERL J C, et al. Lactation-related dynamics of bacterial and fungal microbiomes in feces of sows and gut colonization in suckling and newly weaned piglets[J]. J Anim Sci, 2024, 102: skae321. DOI: 10.1093/jas/skae321.

[48] [48] WANG C, WEI S Y, CHEN N N, et al. Characteristics of gut microbiota in pigs with different breeds, growth periods and genders[J]. Microb Biotechnol, 2022, 15(3): 793-804. DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13755.

[49] [49] YANG X, TAI Y R, MA Y H, et al. Cecum microbiome and metabolism characteristics of Silky Fowl and White Leghorn chicken in late laying stages[J]. Front Microbiol, 2022, 13: 984654. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.984654.

[50] [50] WANG X Y, MENG J X, REN W X, et al. Amplicon-based metagenomic association analysis of gut microbiota in relation to egg-laying period and breeds of hens[J]. BMC Microbiol, 2023, 23(1): 138. DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02857-2.

[51] [51] WANG Z J, LI S R, DING X Y, et al. Study on the differences in fecal metabolites and microbial diversity of Jiangshan black-bone chickens with different earlobe colors[J]. Animals, 2024, 14(21): 3060. DOI: 10.3390/ani14213060.

[52] [52] WANG Y, YUAN Z J. Gut microbiota in two chickens' breeds: Characteristics and dynamic changes[J]. Microb Pathog, 2024, 197: 107101. DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.107101.

[53] [53] BSWALD L F, POPPER B, MATZEK D, et al. Characterization of the gastrointestinal microbiome of the Syrian Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) and comparison to data from mice[J]. FEBS Open Bio, 2024, 14(10): 1701-1717. DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13869.

[54] [54] CROWLEY E J, KING J M, WILKINSON T, et al. Comparison of the microbial population in rabbits and guinea pigs by next generation sequencing[J]. PLoS One, 2017, 12(2): e0165779. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165779.

[55] [55] YANG Y P, ZHANG Z Y, WANG Y Q, et al. Colonization of microbiota derived fromMacaca fascicularis, Bama miniature pigs, beagle dogs, and C57BL/6J mice alleviates DSS-induced colitis in germ-free mice[J]. Microbiol Spectr, 2024, 12(8): e0038824. DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00388-24.

[56] [56] BAI X, ZHONG H, CUI X, et al. Metagenomic profiling uncovers microbiota and antibiotic resistance patterns across human, chicken, pig fecal, and soil environments[J]. Sci Total Environ, 2024, 947: 174734. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174734.

[57] [57] BERETTA S, APPARICIO M, TONIOLLO G H, et al. The importance of the intestinal microbiota in humans and dogs in the neonatal period[J]. Anim Reprod, 2023, 20(3): e20230082. DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-AR2023-0082.

[58] [58] ITO Y, NAGASAWA M, KOYAMA K, et al. Comparative analysis based on shared amplicon sequence variants reveals that cohabitation influences gut microbiota sharing between humans and dogs[J]. Front Vet Sci, 2024, 11: 1417461. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1417461.

[59] [59] DU G K, HUANG H R, ZHU Q W, et al. Effects of cat ownership on the gut microbiota of owners[J]. PLoS One, 2021, 16(6): e0253133. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253133.