Fig. 1. Schematics of T-FROG based on LN waveguide; (a) Lateral optical SHG phase matching relationship; (b) schematics of pulses propagation in waveguide; (c) optical micrograph of LN waveguide; (d) conversion efficiency of transverse SHG in LN waveguide

Fig. 2. Transverse second-harmonic generation. (a) Microscopic image of LN waveguide with Z-polarization input pulse and parallel linear polarizer; (b) microscopic image of LN waveguide with Z-polarization input pulse and vertical linear polarizer; (c) microscope image of LN waveguide with Y-polarization input pulse; (d) typical spectra of SHG; (e) power characteristics of the transverse SHG; (f) intensity distribution of the transverse SHG trace along the waveguide axis

Fig. 3. T-FROG measurement of 870 nm ultrafast pulses. (a) Measured FROG trace; (b) retrieved FROG trace; (c) retrieved pulse time-domain information; (d) retrieved pulse frequency domain information

Fig. 4. T-FROG measurement of ultrafast pulses of different wavelengths. (a) Retrieved 885 nm pulse time-domain information (inset: measured and retrieved FROG trace); (b) retrieved 885 nm pulse frequency-domain information; (c) retrieved 920 nm pulse time-domain information (inset: measured and retrieved FROG trace); (d) retrieved 920 nm pulse frequency-domain information

Fig. 5. Complex pulses measurement by T-FROG. (a) Measured FROG trace; (b) retrieved FROG trace; (c) retrieved pulse time-domain information; (d) retrieved pulse frequency-domain information