[1] [1] D. C. Schleher, Electronic warfare in the information age (Artech House Publishers, London, 1999).

[2] [2] J. Capmany and D. Novak, Nat. Photon. 1, 319 (2007).

[3] [3] J. P. Yao, J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 314 (2009).

[4] [4] H. Chi, X. H. Zou, and J. P. Yao, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 20, 1249 (2008).

[5] [5] J. Dong, Y. Yu, X. Zhang, and D. Huang, Chin. Opt. Lett. 9, 051202 (2011).

[6] [6] S. T. Winnall, A. C. Lindsay, M. W. Austin, J. Canning, and A. Mitchell, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Technol. 54, 868 (2006)

[7] [7] X. H. Zou, W. Pan, B. Luo, L. S. Yan, and Y. S. Jiang, Opt. Express 19, 24712 (2011).

[8] [8] H. L. Guo, G. Z. Xiao, N. Mrad, and J. P. Yao, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 20, 45 (2009).

[9] [9] P. Rugeland, Z. Yu, C. Sterner, O. Tarasenko, G. Tengstrand, and W. Margulis, Opt. Lett. 34, 3794 (2009).

[10] [10] L. V. T. Nguyen and D. B. Hunter, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 18, 1188 (2006).

[11] [11] X. H. Zou and J. P. Yao, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 20, 1989 (2008).

[12] [12] X. M. Zhang, H. Chi, X. M. Zhang, S. L. Zheng, X. F. Jin, and J. P. Yao, IEEE Microwave Wireless Component Lett. 19, 422 (2009).

[13] [13] J. Q. Zhou, S. N. Fu, P. P. Shum, S. Aditya, L. Xia, J. Q. Li, X. Q. Sun, and K. Xu, Opt. Express 17, 7217-7221 (2009).

[14] [14] J. Q. Zhou, S. N. Fu, S. Aditya, P. P. Shum, and C. Lin, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 21, 1069 (2009).

[15] [15] S. Gronbach, "Method and apparatus for controlling a bias voltage of a Mach–Zehnder modulator", U. S. patent 7075695 (2006).

[16] [16] H. Chi and J. P. Yao, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 20, 315 (2008).

[17] [17] B. Costa, D. Mazzoni, M. Puleo, and E. Vezzoni, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-18, 1497 (1982).

[18] [18] EIA/TIA-455-169A (FOTP-169), "Chromatic dispersion measurement of single mode optical fiber by the phase shift method".

[19] [19] J. H. Michael, W. John, H. Michael, and B. Bob, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 14, 1524 (2002).

[20] [20] H. Zhao, H. Chi, Q. Zeng, S. Xiao, and M. Jiang, Proc. SPIE 4908, 183 (2002).