Calculation Method of Eye Vectors Based on Line-of-Sight Horizontal Offset Feature

Huijuan Tian; Siqi Wang

doi:10.3788/LOP202158.2333001

Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, Volume. 58, Issue 23, 2333001(2021)

Calculation Method of Eye Vectors Based on Line-of-Sight Horizontal Offset Feature

Huijuan Tian^1,2、* and Siqi Wang^1,2

¹Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection and System, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin , 300387, China

²Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on High Power Solid State Lighting Application System, Tiangong University, Tianjin , 300387, China

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Figures & Tables(12)

Fig. 1. Schematic of eye vectors

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Fig. 2. Schematic of $d_{L}$ and $d_{R}$

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Fig. 3. Failure illustrations of iris segmentation

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Fig. 4. Left eye appearance and iris segmentation with different gaze directions

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Fig. 5. Gaze estimation system

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Fig. 6. Viewing angle error between the estimated line of sight and the actual line of sight

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Fig. 7. x_{under different viewing angles}

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Fig. 8. Histograms of horizontal viewing angle error distribution of different models. (a) Model 1; (b) model 2; (c) model 3; (d) model 4

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Fig. 9. Histograms of gaze angle error distribution of different models. (a) Model 1; (b) model 2; (c) model 3; (d) model 4

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Table 1. 4 models
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Table 1. 4 models
Model Polynomial for X Polynomial for Y
1 $1, x, x^{2}, y, y^{2}, x y, x^{2} y^{2}$ $1, x, x^{2}, y, y^{2}, x y, x^{2} y^{2}$
2 $1, x, x^{2}, y$ $1, x^{2}, y, x y, x^{2} y$
3 $1, x, x^{3}, y^{2}, x y$ $1, x, x^{2}, y, y^{2}, x y, x^{2} y$
4 $1, x, x^{2}, x^{3}, y, x y, x^{2} y, x^{3} y$ $1, x, x^{2}, y, y^{2}, x y, x^{2} y$

Table 2. Comparison of the average absolute error of horizontal and vertical viewing angles of different models

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Table 2. Comparison of the average absolute error of horizontal and vertical viewing angles of different models

Model	Horizontal viewing angle error /（°）		Error reduction percentage /%	Vertical viewing angle error /（°）		Error reduction percentage /%
Model	Original	Proposed	Error reduction percentage /%	Original	Proposed	Error reduction percentage /%
1	2.22	1.45	34.50	3.29	3.43	-4.29
2	1.69	1.40	17.39	2.93	2.96	-0.96
3	1.71	1.53	10.88	3.25	3.37	-3.86
4	4.73	3.70	21.67	3.25	3.37	-3.86

Table 3. Accuracy comparison of different models
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Table 3. Accuracy comparison of different models
Model Error /（°） Percentage improvement in accuracy /%
Original Proposed
1 3.14 2.89 8.16
2 2.93 2.79 4.79
3 3.18 2.92 7.96
4 5.26 4.26 18.90

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Huijuan Tian, Siqi Wang. Calculation Method of Eye Vectors Based on Line-of-Sight Horizontal Offset Feature[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2021, 58(23): 2333001

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