Fig. 1. Influence of the same polarization random fluctuation on BGS and BPS

Fig. 2. Simulation results in time domain Golay-coded BOTDA under different noises when the frequency offset between the pump and probe light is 10.68 GHz. (a)(b)Time-domain curve and its uncertainty with Gaussian white noise; (c)(d) time-domain curve and its uncertainty with polarized random noise

Fig. 3. Simulation results of BFS in Golay-coded BOTDA under different noises. (a)(b) BFS estimation curve and BFS estimation error with white noise; (c)(d) BFS estimation curve and BFS estimation error with polarized random noise

Fig. 4. Experimental device diagram of Golay-coded BOTDA with coherent detection

Fig. 5. Experimental results. (a) Trace uncertainty of time domain curve when the frequency offset between pump and probe light is near BFS; (b) measured and fitted BGS and BPS at 5 km of optical fiber; (c) BFS estimation curve and hot spot after fitting; (d) BFS estimation error