Acta Physica Sinica, Volume. 69, Issue 17, 178703-1(2020)
![The timeline of the development of silk-based advanced materials for soft electronics: Bioresorbable electronics[3] (2009); ultraconformal bioelectronics[21](2010); flexible OTFTs[22] (2011); transient electronics[22](2012); conformal wireless biosensors[22](2012); flexible solar cells[31] (2014); bio-triboelectric generator[31] (2015); bio-memristor[33] (2015); carbonized silk fabric (CSF) wearable strain sensors[34] (2016); silk-derived carbon based E-skins[35] (2017); on-skin stretchable electrodes[36] (2018); biodegradable and stretchable protein-based sensor[37] (2019); all-textile electronic skin[38] (2019); electronic skin for human thermoregulation[39] (2020).](/Images/icon/loading.gif){kind=icon}
Fig. 1. The timeline of the development of silk-based advanced materials for soft electronics: Bioresorbable electronics[3] (2009); ultraconformal bioelectronics[21](2010); flexible OTFTs[22] (2011); transient electronics[22](2012); conformal wireless biosensors[22](2012); flexible solar cells[31] (2014); bio-triboelectric generator[31] (2015); bio-memristor[33] (2015); carbonized silk fabric (CSF) wearable strain sensors[34] (2016); silk-derived carbon based E-skins[35] (2017); on-skin stretchable electrodes[36] (2018); biodegradable and stretchable protein-based sensor[37] (2019); all-textile electronic skin[38] (2019); electronic skin for human thermoregulation[39] (2020).
Fig. 2. Schema of the hierarchical network structures of SF fibers and none-fiber silk materials[46]. Lv1: the amino acid sequence; Lv2: α-helix & β-sheet; Lv3: β-crystallites; Lv4: crystal network; Lv5: nanofibrils network.
Fig. 3. Mesoscopic functionalization of silk-based materials: (a) The chemical bonding between SF and GO[47]; (b) the revisable structure changes of β-sheets and random coils under high thermal treatment[17]; (c) a silk-based memristor[33]; (d) silk nanofiber membrane for bio-triboelectric generator[32]; (e) schematic of β-sheet-derived carbon basic structural units[64].
Fig. 4. Design of silk-based strain sensor: (a) A graphite/silk flexible strain sensor with sheath-core structure[34]; (b) a wearable strain sensor based on carbonized silk fabric[65]; (c) an RSF-based hydrogel for monitoring human movement[67]; (d) an RSF-based single electrode TENG and strain sensor integrated platform[68].
Fig. 7. Design of silk-based temperature and humidity sensor: (a) A silk-derived wearable temperature and pressure sensor[74]; (b) a silk-based electronic fabric for temperature and pressure sensing[69]; (c) a self-healable multifunctional electronic tattoos based on RSF[75]; (d) an RSF-based heat-resistant electronic skin for thermoregulation[39].
Table 1. Summary of properties and functions of silk-based wearable sensors.
View tableView in ArticleTable 1. Summary of properties and functions of silk-based wearable sensors.
传感器类型 传感材料 基底材料 信号 应用 文献 应变 蚕丝纤维和Gr Ecoflex 电阻 关节运动 [ 34 ]应变 碳化的丝织物 Ecoflex 电阻 人体运动 [ 65 ]应变 PSB PSB 电阻 手指运动 [ 67 ]应变 Ag NWs RSF膜 电流 人体运动 [ 68 ]压力 CSFM PDMS 电流 脉搏运动 [ 35 ]应变+压力 Ag NFs和Ecoflex RSF膜 电容 手臂运动 [ 37 ]压力 蚕丝纤维和Ag NWs Ecoflex 电容 智能织物 [ 69 ]压力 rGO 蚕丝织物 电阻 脉搏运动 [ 48 ]压力 Ag NWs 蚕丝织物 电容 手臂运动 [ 38 ]电生理 Au RSF膜 电阻 肌电图 [ 36 ]电生理 Ag/AgCl RSF水凝胶 电压 心电图 [ 72 ]电生理 Ag NWs RSF水凝胶 电压 心电图 [ 73 ]温度+压力 碳化的丝纤维 PET 电阻 电子皮肤 [ 74 ]温度 离子液体和丝纤维 Ecoflex 电阻 智能织物 [ 69 ]温度+加热器 Ag NFs + Pt RSF膜 电阻 电子皮肤 [ 39 ]湿度 Gr RSF膜 电阻 表皮电子 [ 75 ]应变+湿度+温度 IDE (Ag NWs) RSF膜 电容 呼吸监测 [ 81 ]
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Sheng-You Li, Jia-Rong Liu, Hao Wen, Xiang-Yang Liu, Wen-Xi Guo.
Received: May. 31, 2020
Accepted: --
Published Online: Jan. 4, 2021
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