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Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 49, Issue 9, 0909001(2022)

Underwater Small Target Detection Method of Laser-Induced Acoustic SAFT Based on PSM Algorithm

Yang Zhao1,2、*, Peng Li3, Penghui Zhang3, Zhiquan Zhou1, Xue Bai3, and Jian Ma3
Author Affiliations
  • 1School of Information Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai 264209, Shandong, China
  • 2Weihai City Key Lab of Photoacoustic Testing and Sensing Technology, Weihai 264209, Shandong, China
  • 3Laser Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, Shandong, China
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    AbstractGet PDF(in Chinese)
    Figures&Tables (19)
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    References (20)
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    Figures & Tables(19)
    Block diagram of PSM algorithm

    Fig. 1. Block diagram of PSM algorithm

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    SAFT transceiver mode

    Fig. 2. SAFT transceiver mode

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    Geometric diagram of SAFT beam transceiver principle

    Fig. 3. Geometric diagram of SAFT beam transceiver principle

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    Beam focusing. (a) Center focusing; (b) deflection focusing

    Fig. 4. Beam focusing. (a) Center focusing; (b) deflection focusing

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    Simulation of beam forming. (a) d＝λ/2; (b) d＝λ/4

    Fig. 5. Simulation of beam forming. (a) d＝λ/2; (b) d＝λ/4

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    Multi-source laser SAFT scanning

    Fig. 6. Multi-source laser SAFT scanning

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    Definition of heat flux

    Fig. 7. Definition of heat flux

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    Laser-induced acoustic simulation in liquid. (a) Single laser source; (b) deflection focus; (c) center focus

    Fig. 8. Laser-induced acoustic simulation in liquid. (a) Single laser source; (b) deflection focus; (c) center focus

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    Time domain waveform comparison of acoustic pressure signals

    Fig. 9. Time domain waveform comparison of acoustic pressure signals

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    Acoustic pressure distributions under three conditions. (a) Flat; (b) 15° incline; (c) wave

    Fig. 10. Acoustic pressure distributions under three conditions. (a) Flat; (b) 15° incline; (c) wave

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    Sound pressure signal contrast

    Fig. 11. Sound pressure signal contrast

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    PSM algorithm imaging. (a) Raw data imaging; (b) focus imaging

    Fig. 12. PSM algorithm imaging. (a) Raw data imaging; (b) focus imaging

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    Picture of experimental equipment

    Fig. 13. Picture of experimental equipment

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    Schematic of experimental system

    Fig. 14. Schematic of experimental system

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    Comparison of acoustic signals before and after diffraction. (a) Acoustic signal before diffraction; (b) acoustic signal after diffraction

    Fig. 15. Comparison of acoustic signals before and after diffraction. (a) Acoustic signal before diffraction; (b) acoustic signal after diffraction

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    Comparison of acoustic energy before and after delay stacking

    Fig. 16. Comparison of acoustic energy before and after delay stacking

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    Influence of water surface disturbance on laser-induced acoustic signals

    Fig. 17. Influence of water surface disturbance on laser-induced acoustic signals

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    • Table 1. Relevant parameter definitions

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      Table 1. Relevant parameter definitions

      ParameterVariable symbol and its unitValue
      Center frequency of ultrasonic signalf0 /MHz1
      Period of signalt0 /s10－6
      Laser spot radiusR /m10－4
      Laser pulse rise timet1 /s10－8
      Peak position of Gaussian pulsex0 /m10－2
      Laser energy densityFe /(W·m－2)1.59×1012
      Velocity in waterc /(m·s－1)1480
      Time stepTs /s3×10－8

    • Table 2. Water property details

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      Table 2. Water property details

      ParameterVariable symbol and its unitValue
      Dynamic viscosityη /(Pa·s)1.01×10－3
      Kinematic viscosityv /(m2·s－1)1.01×10－6
      Heat of evaporationQ /(J·kg－1)2.26×106
      Specific heat capacityCp /(J·kg－1·K－1)4.2×103
      Densityρ /(kg·m3)1.0×103
      Heat conductivityK /(W·m－1·K－1)0.598
      Thermal expansivityα /K－12.08×10－4
      Prandtl numberPr7.02
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    Yang Zhao, Peng Li, Penghui Zhang, Zhiquan Zhou, Xue Bai, Jian Ma. Underwater Small Target Detection Method of Laser-Induced Acoustic SAFT Based on PSM Algorithm[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2022, 49(9): 0909001

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    Paper Information

    Category: holography and information processing

    Received: Jul. 28, 2021

    Accepted: Oct. 8, 2021

    Published Online: Apr. 22, 2022

    The Author Email: Zhao Yang (zhao.yang@hit.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.3788/CJL202249.0909001

    Topics

    laser devices and laser physics
    Lasers and Laser Optics
    Laser physics
    laser manufacturing
    Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology