Fig. 1. Experiment setup for measuring acoustic signal of nanosecond laser-induced water plasma and schematic of laser incident angle. (a) Experimental setup; (b) schematic of laser incident angle

Fig. 2. Waveform diagrams of the acoustic signals characteristics of laser-induced water plasma

Fig. 3. Plasma acoustic amplitude variation with laser beam incident angles

Fig. 4. Laser-induced water plasma morphology at different laser beam incident angles

Fig. 5. Relationship between laser beam incident angle and maximum radius of plasma chamber

Fig. 6. Relationship between sound pressure signal and maximum radius of plasma chamber