Chinese Optics Letters, Volume. 16, Issue 12, 120603(2018)
Advanced modulation formats for underwater visible light communications [Invited]
Figures & Tables(16)
Fig. 1. Schematic diagram: (a) CAP-64 system; (b) OFDM 64QAM system; (c) DFT-S OFDM 64QAM system.
Fig. 3. CCDF versus PAPR of CAP-64, OFDM 64QAM, and DFT-S OFDM 64QAM.
Fig. 4. Experimental setup of (a), (b) the underwater VLC system and (c) the free-space VLC system.
Fig. 5. Block diagram of post-equalization in the CAP, DFT-S OFDM, and OFDM systems.
Fig. 6. Spectrum maps for the UVLC system at the transmitter, at the receiver, and after the first post-equalization: (a) CAP at the transmitter; (b) DFT-S OFDM at the transmitter; (c) OFDM at the transmitter; (d) CAP at the receiver; (e) DFT-S OFDM at the receiver; (f) OFDM at the receiver; (g) CAP after the first post-equalization; (h) DFT-S OFDM after the first post-equalization; and (i) OFDM after the first post-equalization.
Fig. 7. Amplitude to amplitude (AM/AM) response of CAP modulation in (a) the UVLC system and (b) the VLC system.
Fig. 8. BER versus LED current in (a) the traditional VLC system and (b) the UVLC system.
Fig. 9. BER versus order of Volterra in the UVLC and VLC systems with (a) CAP, (b) DFT-S, and (c) OFDM.
Fig. 10. BER versus number of taps in the UVLC and VLC systems with (a) CAP, (b) DFT-S, and (c) OFDM.
Fig. 11. BER performance of the 2nd post-equalization for OFDM and DFT-S OFDM in the UVLC system: (a) with different number of pilot, (b) channel curve when the number of pilot is 2, and (c) channel curve when the number of pilot is 256.
Fig. 12. BER versus LED optical power of CAP, DFT-S, and OFDM systems.
Fig. 13. BER versus peak-to-peak voltages (
Fig. 14. BER performance versus bandwidth of three advanced modulation formats in the UVLC system.
Table 1. Summary of Research Results of VLC Systems
View tableView in ArticleTable 1. Summary of Research Results of VLC Systems
Transmitter Modulation Formats Equalization Receiver Data Rate Distance Research Group Year White LED OOK / Sensor 1022 b/s 2 km Japan VLCC[ 1 ]2008 White LED OOK Pre PIN 40 Mb/s 2 m Oxford[ 2 ]2008 White LED OOK Post PIN 80 Mb/s 10 cm Oxford[ 3 ]2008 White LED DMT Post PIN 101 Mb/s 1 cm Germany HHI[ 4 ]2008 White LED DMT Post PIN 230 Mb/s 70 cm Germany HHI[ 5 ]2009 White LED DMT Post APD 513 Mb/s 30 cm Germany HHI[ 6 ]2010 RGB LED DMT Post APD 803 Mb/s 12 cm Germany HHI[ 7 ]2011 RGB LED DMT Post APD 1.25 Gb/s 10 cm Germany HHI[ 8 ]2012 RGB LED DMT Post APD 2.1 Gb/s 10 cm Italy SSSUP[ 9 ]2012 RGB LED DMT Post APD 3.4 Gb/s 10 cm Italy SSSUP[ 10 ]2012 White LED CAP Post PIN 1.1 Gb/s 23 cm Taiwan Jiao Tong University[ 11 ]2012 RGB LED CAP Post PIN 3.22 Gb/s 25 cm Taiwan Jiao Tong University[ 12 ]2013 RGBY LED DMT Post PIN 5.6 Gb/s 1.5 m Italy SSSUP[ 13 ]2014 RGB LED SC Pre/Post APD 4.22 Gb/s 1 m Fudan University[ 14 ]2014 RGB LED CAP Pre/Post PIN 4.5 Gb/s 2 m Fudan University[ 15 ]2015 RGB LED CAP Pre/Post PIN 8 Gb/s 1 m Fudan University[ 16 ]2015 μLED PAM4 Pre/Post APD 2 Gb/s 60 cm Cambridge University[ 17 ]2015 RGB LED PAM8 Pre/Post PIN 3.375 Gb/s 1 m Fudan University[ 18 ]2016 RGBY LED DMT Pre/Post PIN 9.51 Gb/s 1 m Fudan University[ 19 ]2016 RGB LED DCO-OFDM Pre/Post PIN 10.4 Gb/s 1.5 m Oxford[ 20 ]RGBYC silicon substrate LED QAM-DMT Pre/Post PIN 10.72 Gb/s 1 m Nanchang University & Fudan University[ 21 ]2018
Table 2. Summary of Research Results of LED UVLC Systems
View tableView in ArticleTable 2. Summary of Research Results of LED UVLC Systems
Transmitter Modulation Formats Equalization Receiver Data Rate Distance (m) Authors and Research Group Year Six blue LEDs DPIM / APD 0.6 Mb/s 9 Doniec et al. , National University of Singapore[30 ]2010 Two-LED arrays NRZ 8 b/10 b / APD 12.5 Mb/s 2.5 Cossu et al. , Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna VTeCIP, Italy[33 ]2014 Compact blue LED OFDM Pre/Post PIN 161 Mb/s 2 Xu et al. , Zhejiang University[34 ]2016 μLED OOK / PIN/APD 200 Mb/s 5.4 Tian et al. , Fudan University[35 ]2017 Two blue LEDs PAM4 / MPPC (contain SPADs) 12.288 Mb/s 2 Kong et al. , Zhejiang University[36 ]2018 Blue silicon substrate LED QAM-DMT Pre/Post PIN 2.175 Gb/s 1.2 Wang et al. , Fudan University[37 ]2018
Tools
Get Citation
Copy Citation Text
Nan Chi, Meng Shi, "Advanced modulation formats for underwater visible light communications [Invited]," Chin. Opt. Lett. 16, 120603 (2018)
Paper Information
Category: Fiber Optics and Optical Communications
Received: Jul. 5, 2018
Accepted: Nov. 1, 2018
Published Online: Dec. 7, 2018
The Author Email: Nan Chi (nanchi@fudan.edu.cn)
© Copyright 2018-2021 | Chinese Laser Press.
All Rights Reserved 沪ICP备15018463号-20