Laser Ultrasonic Synthetic Aperture Focusing Technique for Subsurface Defect Imaging in Metal Additive Manufactured Samples

Jiaming Chen; Kun He; Feiyang Sun; Jing Zhang; Xingyu Chen; Kangning Jia; Li Fan; Liping Cheng; Xuejun Yan; Xiaodong Xu; Shuyi Zhang

doi:10.3788/CJL240923

Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 52, Issue 2, 0204005(2025)

Laser Ultrasonic Synthetic Aperture Focusing Technique for Subsurface Defect Imaging in Metal Additive Manufactured Samples

Jiaming Chen¹, Kun He², Feiyang Sun¹, Jing Zhang¹, Xingyu Chen¹, Kangning Jia¹, Li Fan¹, Liping Cheng¹, Xuejun Yan³, Xiaodong Xu^1、*, and Shuyi Zhang¹

Author Affiliations

¹Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics, Ministry of Education, Institute of Acoustics, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu , China

²Avic Xi’an Aircraft Industry Group Company Ltd., Xi’an 710089, Shaanxi , China

³College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu , China

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Fig. 1. Thermoelastic mechanism of laser ultrasound

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Fig. 2. Laser ultrasonic surface waves interacting with subsurface defects. (a) Meeting with defects; (b) separating from defects

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Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of data acquisition

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Fig. 4. Sample preparation. (a) Sample image; (b) subsurface rectangular defect 1 under electron microscope; (c) defect 2 under electron microscope

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Fig. 5. Laser ultrasound experiment. (a) Experiment setup; (b) scanning diagram

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Fig. 6. Laser ultrasound signals at defect-free location. (a) Time domain signal; (b) frequency domain distribution of surface wave

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Fig. 7. Subsurface defect with size of 0.3 mm. (a) Scanning image; (b) SAFT image

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Fig. 8. Subsurface defect with size of 0.5 mm. (a) Scanning image; (b) SAFT image

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Fig. 9. Determining defect size by full width at half-maximum. (a) Subsurface defect with size of 0.3 mm; (b) subsurface defect with size of 0.5 mm

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Table 1. Material parameters in finite element simulation^[28]

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Table 1. Material parameters in finite element simulation^[28]

Parameter	Value
Density $ρ$ /（ $k g / m^{3}$ ）	$2700$
Specific heat capacity $C$ /［ $J / (k g ∙ K)]$	$900$
Thermal conductivity $K$ / $[W / (m ∙ K)]$	$238$
Coefficient of thermal expansion $α$ /（ $1 / K$ ）	$23 \times 10^{- 6}$
Lame constant $λ$ /Pa	$5.1 \times 10^{10}$
Lame constant $μ$ /Pa	$2.6 \times 10^{10}$

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Jiaming Chen, Kun He, Feiyang Sun, Jing Zhang, Xingyu Chen, Kangning Jia, Li Fan, Liping Cheng, Xuejun Yan, Xiaodong Xu, Shuyi Zhang. Laser Ultrasonic Synthetic Aperture Focusing Technique for Subsurface Defect Imaging in Metal Additive Manufactured Samples[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2025, 52(2): 0204005

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