Research Progress on L‐Arginine Phosphate Monohydrate Crystals (Invited)

Qiong Zhang; Guanghui Zhang; Luyi Zhu; Xiaohan Chen; Xinqiang Wang; Dong Xu

doi:10.3788/CJL250925

Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 52, Issue 18, 1803002(2025)

Research Progress on L‐Arginine Phosphate Monohydrate Crystals (Invited)

Qiong Zhang¹, Guanghui Zhang^2,3、*, Luyi Zhu^2,3, Xiaohan Chen⁴, Xinqiang Wang^2,3, and Dong Xu^2,3

¹Key Laboratory of Laser & Infrared System, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong , China

²Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong , China

³State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong , China

⁴Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Application, School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong , China

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Figures & Tables(9)

Fig. 1. Molecular structure of asymmetric unit of LAP^[10]

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Fig. 2. Directional growth of LAP crystal. (a) Crystal size is 80 mm×70 mm×30 mm; (b) crystal size is 170 mm×120 mm×60 mm

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Fig. 3. Microscopic image of (100) surface of LAP crystal at magnification of 50×^[28]

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Fig. 4. Etching of cleavage planes by different etchants. (a) Mixture of water and anhydrous ethanol; (b) acetic acid

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Fig. 5. Experimental setup for aberration correction^[69]

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Table 1. Damage thresholds of LAP, DLAP, silica, and KDP^[50]
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Table 1. Damage thresholds of LAP, DLAP, silica, and KDP^[50]
Wavelength /
μm
Pulse width /ns Damage threshold /（GW/cm²）
LAP DLAP Silica KDP
1.053 1 63 87 25 18
1.053 25 13 33 9 4
0.526 0.6 60 67 25 9
0.526 20 30 38 7 3

Table 2. Optical properties of LAP, DLAP, and KDP crystals^{[29,53,56-57,59-60]}

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Table 2. Optical properties of LAP, DLAP, and KDP crystals^{[29,53,56-57,59-60]}

Material	Transmission wavelength /nm	Absorption coefficient /cm⁻¹ （at 1064 nm）	Band gap /eV	Refractive index at 1064 nm
LAP	240‒1500	0.09	5.21	n_x=1.4974，	n_y=1.5598，	n_z=1.5376
DLAP	250‒1300	0.02		n_x =1.4977，	n_y =1.5595，	n_z=1.5686
KDP	180‒1500	0.07	5.91	n_o=1.4938，	n_e=1.4599

Table 3. Thermal properties of LAP, DLAP, and KDP crystals^{[29,62,65-66]}

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Table 3. Thermal properties of LAP, DLAP, and KDP crystals^{[29,62,65-66]}

Material	Specific heat /（J·g^-1·K^-1）	Melting point /℃	Thermal expansion coefficient /K^-1
Material	Specific heat /（J·g^-1·K^-1）	Melting point /℃	α₁₁	α₂₂	α₃₃
LAP	1.373	130	-1.75×10^-5	0.96×10^-5	9.25×10^-5
DLAP		130	5.74×10^-5	0.87×10^-5	1.83×10^-5
KDP	0.746	252.6	2.454×10^-5		4.168×10^-5

Table 4. THz spectral ranges and energy conversion efficiencies of LAP, DAST, BNA, and ZnTe^[72,74-76]
View table
Table 4. THz spectral ranges and energy conversion efficiencies of LAP, DAST, BNA, and ZnTe^[72,74-76]
Material THz spectral range /THz Energy conversion efficiency
LAP 0.1‒2.0 0.7×10^-5
DAST 0.1‒20.0 2.39×10^-4
BNA 0.2‒3.0 2.5×10^-3
ZnTe 0.1‒3.0 3.1×10^-5

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Qiong Zhang, Guanghui Zhang, Luyi Zhu, Xiaohan Chen, Xinqiang Wang, Dong Xu. Research Progress on L‐Arginine Phosphate Monohydrate Crystals (Invited)[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2025, 52(18): 1803002

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Paper Information

Category: Materials

Received: Jun. 11, 2025

Accepted: Jul. 14, 2025

Published Online: Sep. 13, 2025

The Author Email: Guanghui Zhang (ghzhang@sdu.edu.cn)

DOI:10.3788/CJL250925

CSTR:32183.14.CJL250925

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Damage thresholds of LAP, DLAP, silica, and KDP[50]

Table 1. Damage thresholds of LAP, DLAP, silica, and KDP[50]

Table 2. Optical properties of LAP, DLAP, and KDP crystals[29,53,56-57,59-60]

Table 2. Optical properties of LAP, DLAP, and KDP crystals[29,53,56-57,59-60]

Table 3. Thermal properties of LAP, DLAP, and KDP crystals[29,62,65-66]

Table 3. Thermal properties of LAP, DLAP, and KDP crystals[29,62,65-66]

Table 4. THz spectral ranges and energy conversion efficiencies of LAP, DAST, BNA, and ZnTe[72,74-76]

Table 4. THz spectral ranges and energy conversion efficiencies of LAP, DAST, BNA, and ZnTe[72,74-76]

Table 1. Damage thresholds of LAP, DLAP, silica, and KDP^[50]

Table 1. Damage thresholds of LAP, DLAP, silica, and KDP^[50]

Table 2. Optical properties of LAP, DLAP, and KDP crystals^{[29,53,56-57,59-60]}

Table 2. Optical properties of LAP, DLAP, and KDP crystals^{[29,53,56-57,59-60]}

Table 3. Thermal properties of LAP, DLAP, and KDP crystals^{[29,62,65-66]}

Table 3. Thermal properties of LAP, DLAP, and KDP crystals^{[29,62,65-66]}

Table 4. THz spectral ranges and energy conversion efficiencies of LAP, DAST, BNA, and ZnTe^[72,74-76]

Table 4. THz spectral ranges and energy conversion efficiencies of LAP, DAST, BNA, and ZnTe^[72,74-76]