Bloodstains are one of the most important forensic evidences that play a crucial role in the detection and analysis of cases. This article reviews the research progress of bloodstain detection using spectral technology, both domestically and internationally. This study also introduces forensic and spectroscopic methods for bloodstain confirmation, bloodstain species identification, and bloodstain duration prediction. The accuracy and practicality of these methods are evaluated, discussing their advantages, disadvantages, and areas of application. Spectral detection technology achieves a bloodstain confirmation accuracy of over 96%, bloodstain species identification accuracy ranging from 70% to 100%, sensitivity between 0.92 and 1, and specificity between 0.78 and 1. The error range for bloodstain duration prediction spans from several hours to several days. And the study concludes by discussing the future development of bloodstain detection technologies. This study provides new technical insights into bloodstain detection in forensic medicine.