Fig. 1. The main structure of the YOLOx algorithm

Fig. 2. Structure diagram of CSP_X

Fig. 3. Structure of decoupled head

Fig. 4. Schematic diagram of the structure of classic ASFF

Fig. 5. Revised structural diagram

Fig. 6. Schematic diagram of SE-Layer

Fig. 7. Flowchart of the SE-Layer

Fig. 8. Schematic diagram of ECA

Fig. 9. Structure of improved YOLOx

Fig. 10. Change curves of loss function value during original YOLOx training

Fig. 11. Change curves of the loss function value during the training of the improved YOLOx

Fig. 12. Comparison of the mAP@0.5 curves by the improved and original YOLOx network

Fig. 13. Comparison of the metallic gear defect detection results by the original and improved YOLOx networks. (a) Original YOLOx;(b) improved YOLOx

Fig. 14. Detection site of gear surface defects. (a) The first detection station; (b) the second detection station