[1] [1] WARBURTON D, EL-HASHASH A, CARRARO G, et al. Lung organogenesis[J]. Curr Top Dev Biol, 2010, 90: 73-158. DOI: 10.1016/s0070-2153(10)90003-3.

[2] [2] SHI H J, ZHANG S J, LAI F P, et al. The establishment and severity assessment of ultrasound-guided prenatal broncho-pulmonary dysplasia model in rat[J]. Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1): 18133. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69051-w.

[3] [3] PEERS DE NIEUWBURGH M, HUNT M, CHANDRASEKARAN P, et al. Chronic hypoxia in an Extrauterine Environment for Neonatal Development impairs lung development[J]. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 2025, 72(4): 441-452. DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2024-0012OC.

[4] [4] QU W S, YIN J Y, WANG H M, et al. A simple method for the formalin fixation of lungs in toxicological pathology studies[J]. Exp Toxicol Pathol, 2015, 67(10): 533-538. DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2015.08.002.

[10] [10] STACEY M T, JOSEPH B, WILLIAM J J, et al. Air-inflation of murine lungs with vascular perfusion-fixation[J]. J Vis Exp, 2021 (168): 10.3791/62215. DOI: 10.3791/62215.

[11] [11] MARK R W. The hematoxylin and eosin stain in anatomic pathology-An often-neglected focus of quality assurance in the laboratory[J]. Semin Diagn Pathol, 2019, 36(5): 303-311. DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2019.06.003.

[13] [13] LEARY S, UNDERWOOD W, ANTHONY R, et al. AVMA Guidelines for the euthanasia of animals: 2020 Edition[M]. Schaumburg: American Veterinary Medical Association, 2020.

[15] [15] MATT U, HEROLD S. Traffic jam in lung capillaries: inter-organ communication impedes gas exchange after acute kidney injury[J]. J Clin Invest, 2025, 135(10): e192917. DOI: 10.1172/JCI192917.

[16] [16] DHANYA M, NICOLA P S. Lung development[J]. Semin Pediatr Surg, 2015, 24(4): 152-155. DOI: 10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2015.01.011.

[17] [17] MICHELE G, CHIARA G, WILLIAM W S, et al. Current definitions of the breathing cycle in alveolar breath-by-breath gas exchange analysis[J]. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 2023, 325(5): R433-R445. DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00065.2023.

[18] [18] KUPPEVELT T H, ROBBSESOM A A, VERSTEEG E M, et al. Restoration by vacuum inflation of original alveolar dimensions in small human lung specimens[J]. Eur Respir J, 2000, 15(4): 771-777. DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-3003.2000.15d23.x.

[21] [21] BRABER S, VERHEIJDEN K T, HENRICKS P J, et al. A comparison of fixation methods on lung morphology in a murine model of emphysema[J]. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 2010, 299(6): L843-L851. DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00192.2010.