In order to improve civil aviation safety and flight efficiency and realize accurate identification of wake vortex, aerodynamic theory of aircraft tail vortex, especially the classical Halock-Burnham wake velocity mathematical model was analyzed and studied. One standard radial velocity model for radar aircraft wake detection was established by using the principle of Doppler lidar to detect the radial velocity of vortex wind field. The idea of sliding window was introduced. A method based on waveform similarity matching was proposed to identify the wake vortex automatically. The detailed algorithm flow was also given. The recognition method is theoretically analyzed and experimentally verified by using the measured data of lidar wind field and the hypothesis testing method. The results show that the effective recognition rate of this algorithm for aircraft wake vortex is 90%. The results of the study have some reference value for further wake monitoring.