[2] GONG J, GUO C Y, PHAN-THIEN N et al. Hydrodynamic loads and wake dynamics of ducted propeller in oblique flow conditions[J]. Ships and Offshore Structures, 15, 645-660(2020).

[3] VILLA D, GAGGERO S, TANI G et al. Numerical and experimental comparison of ducted and non-ducted propellers[J]. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 8, 257(2020).

[4] HAO Z R, REN W L, XU J et al. The study of multi-parameter optimization design of ducted propeller[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1570, 012046(2020).

[5] ZHANG Q, JAIMAN R K. Numerical analysis on the wake dynamics of a ducted propeller[J]. Ocean Engineering, 171, 202-224(2019).

[9] BALTAZAR J M, RIJPKEMA D, DE CAMPOS J F et al. Prediction of the open-water performance of ducted propellers with a panel method[J]. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 6, 27(2018).

[10] [10] BEJAN A. Entropy generation minimization: the method of thermodynamic optimization of finitesize systems finitetime processes[M]. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1995: 4757.

[11] KOCK F, HERWIG H. Local entropy production in turbulent shear flows: a high-Reynolds number model with wall functions[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 47, 2205-2215(2004).

[12] [12] MATHIEU J, SCOTT J. An introduction to turbulent flow[M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

[13] [13] FRANK K. Introduction to rotating machinery analysis using fluent[M]. Lebanon, USA: Fluent Inc. , 2015.

[14] MENTER F R. Two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence models for engineering applications[J]. AIAA Journal, 32, 1598-1605(1994).

[15] [15] OOSTERVELD M W C. Wake adapted ducted propellers[M]. Wageningen, The herls: BlLlothclk der Technische Hogeschool Delft, 1970.

[16] [16] OOSTERVELD M W C. Ducted propeller acteristics[C]RINA Symposium on Ducted Propellers, 1973.