Fig. 1. Optical layout of the AO system based on the PWFS for 1.8 m telescope. M: reflective mirror, PR: parabolic mirror, TM: tilt mirror, BS: beam splitter mirror.

Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of the PWFS.

Fig. 3. Relative error variance of the top 35 orders of Zernike aberrations.

Fig. 4. Simulation results of the initial and corrected far-field images for the turbulence phase screen (D=1760  mm, r0=135  mm).

Fig. 5. Simulation results of the initial and corrected PWFS images for the turbulence phase screen (D=1760  mm, r0=135  mm).

Fig. 6. FWHM of the diffraction-limited spot, and the two-dimensional FWHM of the simulated closed-loop spot.

Fig. 7. (a) Original image (each sub-pupil has 65×65 pixels) and (b) rebin image (each sub-pupil has 13×13 pixels).

Fig. 8. Open-loop and closed-loop experiment PWFS images.

Fig. 9. Space arrangement of the 127 actuators (the outer circle represents the mirror edge of the DM, and the gray area represents 1.8 m telescope pupil plane).

Fig. 10. Open-loop and closed-loop star images (Name: HIP113881, Magnitude: 2.44).

Fig. 11. Two-dimensional section of the closed-loop image.