A microwave photonic subsampling digital receiver (MPSDR) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated for target detection with a sampling rate of 10 MSa/s. Stepped and pseudo-random frequency-hopping signals with frequencies across the K band are both used for target detection and can be captured by the MPSDR. The range profiles of the targets are then derived by using a compressed sensing algorithm and precise target position estimation is achieved by changing the measurement position of the antenna pair. The results demonstrate that the estimation accuracy remains comparable even when the pseudo-random frequency-hopping signal utilizes only 12.5% of the frequency points required by the stepped frequency-hopping signal. This highlights the efficiency and potential of the proposed MPSDR in processing complex signal while maintaining high accuracy.