Due to the advantages of high accuracy of location and fabrication, the focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) dual beam system is extensively employed in the preparation of micro/nano-scale specimens used for cross-section preparation, micro/nano-prototyping, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atom probe tomography (APT) analyses. However, the development of in-situ characterization techniques in TEM requires higher quality of specimens, among which it is a significant challenge for preparing in-situ heating TEM specimens due to the heating chip geometry, especially during the processes of lift-out, transfer and thinning. Therefore, the FIB-SEM dual beam system is used in this work, and TEM specimens applicable to in-situ heating and characterization are successfully prepared through modifying procedures and parameters based on the traditional fabrication processes.

Aiming at the calibration optimization problem of the multi-vision system in the process of motion capture experiment, this paper explores the influence of the selection of reference camera on the iterative calculation of bundle adjustment through the error analysis of camera parameter estimation process, and proposes a Q parameter evaluation method based on it, which uses the entitled undirected graph to obtain the shortest connected path between camera nodes. The back projection error and the weighted mean of mean square error are used to evaluate the rationality of the reference camera selection. In the experiment, multiple cameras have been used to form a multi-view stereo vision system to verify the reference camera selection method proposed in this paper. The experimental results show that the selection of reference camera is necessary and the Q parameter evaluation method designed is effective, which can further improve the accuracy of the system calibration and has important reference value for the application of optical motion measurement.

A Hg2+ photothermal sensing comprehensive teaching experiment based on temperature signals is designed using problem-based learning (PBL). In this teaching experiment, the CuS nanoparticles (CuS NPs) with high photothermal conversion efficiency are firstly prepared by mechanochemistry-based wet grinding. Then, a novel Hg2+ photothermal sensing method is established based on the photothermal signal changes induced by the precipitation displacement reaction between CuS NPs and Hg2+. By integrating the research achievements of “Hg2+ photothermal sensing” into the experimental teaching process, the innovative teaching design concept of undergraduate chemistry experiments is explored, achieving the guidance of scientific research thinking in designing innovative university chemistry experiments. It is helpful to systematically and comprehensively train students’ ability to discover and solve problems, as well as effectively improve students’ comprehensive utilization of basic knowledge and practical innovation ability simultaneously, so as to promote the reform of undergraduate experimental teaching.

To enrich the teaching content of electronic information experiment courses, improve students’ systems engineering capability, and motivate students’ learning enthusiasm and exploring proficiency, an experimental platform for multi-channel data acquisition based on Fudan Micro Qing Long (FMQL) is designed. This platform uses the FMQL system on chip (SoC) which is integrated with field programmable gate array (FPGA) and advanced RISC machines (ARM) as the processor, and uses an internal advanced extensible interface (AXI) bus to realize high-speed transmission of data acquisition. Through the experimental platform, students can deeply understand the architecture of FPGA+ARM, which can also cultivate students’ software and hardware collaboration, guide students to understand the importance and urgency of the independently controllable information technology for national security, and propel the construction and reform of challenging learning and the research-based teaching system for new engineering.

As a core experimental course of computer science and technology major, digital logic experiment is an important link to develop students’ computer foundation and programming ability. Aiming at the problems of high threshold, high cost and unsatisfactory experimental effect of traditional digital logic experiment, an experimental mode based on the combination of Vivado and Nexys4 DDR is proposed, and how to solve the problems of traditional digital logic experiment with this mode is analyzed. Taking the music metronome experiment as an example, this paper introduces the experimental principle, content, process and results, and reveals that this experimental mode has the characteristics of simple configuration and superior performance, and plays a great role in improving experimental efficiency and enhancing students’ enthusiasm to participate in the experiment.

In the teaching of undergraduate mechanical-manufacturing-technology-related courses, considering the danger environment and the process complexity of the large equipment manufacturing, it is quite difficult for students to carry out physical experiments in the physical laboratory or physical intelligent manufacturing workshop, which greatly limits the improvement of students’ engineering practice ability. On this basis, a virtual production workshop as well as the virtual simulation experiment teaching method for the courses group of mechanical manufacturing is proposed. Through the WebGL technology standard, the interactive operation of the turbine engine impeller automatic processing virtual workshop is established, and furthermore the virtual-actual combined interface corresponding to experimental equipment such as the physical computer numerical control (CNC) machine tool, manipulator, and automated guided vehicle (AGV) transportation cart as well as the virtual simulation experiment teaching software are developed for practical teaching. The relevant results have been applied to the teaching of mechanical manufacturing courses, and the results show that the students’ professional knowledge level and engineering application ability have been significantly improved, and the satisfied teaching effect proves the rationality and practicability of the practical teaching measure.

In response to the problems existing in the teaching process of chemical process simulation, the simulation of surface complex molecules of dimethylarsonic acid is introduced into classroom teaching. The teaching objectives, teaching content, teaching form, course ideology, and teaching evaluation in the implementation process of molecular simulation teaching are systematically discussed to assist in the construction of first-class courses in chemical process simulation. Through the study of molecular simulation teaching practice, it has been found that the concretization and visualization of microstructure can improve students’ understanding of molecular structure and deepen their understanding of chemical reaction mechanisms. Molecular simulation teaching expands classroom teaching content, cultivates students’ exploratory thinking ability, effectively improves their chemical quality, and reflects the advanced nature of the curriculum. Molecular simulation teaching utilizes group reporting and discussion teaching modes to expose students to the forefront of disciplinary development with strong innovation. Molecular simulation teaching has high requirements for students’ learning ability and teachers’ teaching ability, fully reflecting the challenge of the curriculum.

Experimental teaching plays an important role in cultivating engineering applied talents. However, the traditional experimental teaching evaluation systems suffer from unclear purposes, incomplete indexes and a single evaluation method, which reduce the quality and effect of the evaluation. In this paper, we integrate the theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) innovative thinking analysis tools and problem-solving tools and form a “context, input, process, product”(CIPP) experimental teaching evaluation system based on the TRIZ innovation method, adopt multiple evaluations of physical chemistry experimental teaching in terms of background, input, process and products, and construct a multi-level and graded evaluation index group. The application effect analysis shows that the evaluation system is highly operable, more scientific and more comprehensive, which is beneficial for improving the teaching quality, fostering the common development of teachers and students’ innovative practical abilities and innovative thinking, as well as creating a virtuous cycle of continuous improvement in the education process.

The challenges and limitations associated with traditional methods of the teaching plant pathology are addressed, and an AI-based mobile application (APP) that utilizes the convolutional neural network (CNN) technology for the visualization of plant disease symptoms and pathogens is developed, which is applied to practical teaching scenarios. The APP can be applied to the innovative practical teaching, which enhances the practical teaching effectiveness. Compared with the traditional teaching methods, this AI-based APP demonstrates a notable positive impact on learning efficacy, significantly increases students’ interest in self-directed learning, fosters interdisciplinary innovative thinking, and enhances their application abilities. This tool is particularly beneficial for young talent with diverse skill sets. Furthermore, the APP can be used to improve the quality of education, modernize teaching methodologies, promote interdisciplinary integration, and enhance the evaluation system of practical teaching.

In order to enable students to fully understand the importance of design patterns, identify design patterns in demand analysis, and apply them flexibly, a teaching case integrating builder, abstract factory, strategy and facade design patterns is designed through two explicit iterations and three invisible iterations. Firstly, the design concept of the case is elaborated. Then the iterative process of the case teaching is described in detail. Finally, practical teaching tasks are decomposed based on the case, and the effectiveness of case teaching is evaluated. The practical results indicate that this case can stimulate students' interest in learning design patterns and improve their ability to use design patterns for object-oriented problem solving.

Based on the background of the development of shipbuilding industry in recent years, aiming at the social demand for the cultivation of shipbuilding professionals in colleges and universities, Harbin Engineering University aims at the core experimental courses in the cultivation of navigation professionals, analyzes the existing reform needs, and carries out the reform of core experimental courses of navigation professionals with the introduction of multiple technologies. First of all, the virtual reality technology is used to provide students with immersive experience of the core experimental course of ship and ocean specialty, and expand the construction of experimental course content. Subsequently, the core experimental course teaching model of the ship and ocean specialty with the introduction of multiple technologies are established by introducing self-developed teaching instruments, which encourages students to independently design experimental programs and provides implementation support. Finally, the improved teaching mode with the introduction of multiple technologies can enhance the autonomy and applicability of the core experimental course of naval ship specialty, meet the reform needs, and provide guidance for the reform of the core experimental course of ship and sea specialty.

The traditional experimental teaching based on large-scale instruments has many limitations in hardware and software matching and practical ability training. In order to improve the effectiveness of experimental teaching and expand the breadth and depth of knowledge, the virtual simulation technology has been used in the classroom. However, operation through virtual experiment has both advantages and disadvantages, which could not completely meet the purpose of experimental teaching. To find a scientific and reasonable way for the curriculum construction and talent training, taking the course of “Characterization and Imaging Technology of Biological Macromolecules” as an example, the mode of virtual-actual combination is adopted, which means the virtual simulation experiment should be used to assist the on-site practice teaching, and the online-offline assessment standards need to be set, so that the “diversity” would been reflected in the composition of knowledge modules and teaching forms. In addition, a parallel controlled experiment is introduced into practice teaching in order to analyze data scientifically and rationally, which can optimize human and material resources and ensure the fairness and effectiveness of course assessment.

In the comprehensive experiment of applied chemistry by adopting the offline experimental teaching mode, there are some shortcomings, such as limited preview resources, single teaching form, insufficient demonstration of experimental operation, and students’ passive learning initiative. To solve these problems, taking the comprehensive experiment of “preparation of defective bismuth tungstate by solvothermal method and its photocatalytic performance test” as an example, the online and offline mixed experimental teaching mode is implemented in the applied chemistry major for the first time. This teaching mode can fully mobilize students’ learning initiative, and provide useful reference for the reform of experimental teaching.

The content of crude fiber (CF) in feed is an important index to evaluate the nutritional value of feed. The traditional method of measuring CF is cumbersome, the accuracy of the measurement results is low, and it is not suitable for the analysis of batch samples. This article takes the measurement of crude fiber as an example to illustrate the operation process of the automatic fiber analyzer, summarizes the details that need to be paid attention to during the experiment and the skills of daily maintenance of the instrument, discusses and the effect of the experiment. The result shows that the automatic fiber analyzer using the filter bag technology to measure CF content is an internationally recognized measurement method, which has the advantages of high automation and high measurement accuracy.

Based on Bloom’s theory of educational classification goals and guided by the promotion of problem-based thinking, a comprehensive experiment is designed according to the project-based teaching method. The proportional valve experiment is taken as an example to analyze the whole process of the experiment. In the experiment, students design a feasible experimental scheme, including the design of the hydraulic system schematic diagram, the design of the signal transmission and control system, the preparation of feasible experimental steps, and the analysis of the experimental results. After several years of teaching practice, the teaching concept based on the improvement of question thinking ability is helpful to improve students’ innovation ability.

To meet the new demands of the era of intelligent manufacturing for new engineering training courses, and with the core competencies of engineering talents as the main goal, a three-tier progressive curriculum system is designed based on goal orientation. Emphasizing continuous improvement throughout the entire lifecycle, the teaching process is reconceptualized. Students are guided to transit into active roles, leading the curriculum. This approach is complemented by a diversified evaluation system, with the ultimate goal of cultivating versatile engineering professionals, which provides a perspective and approach for engineering training courses in the new era.

In the course of constructing the first-class national course“Coastal Dynamics”, a WeChat mini program for experimental courses is developed. The mini program has rich experimental materials, in which students can access teaching resources and watch demonstration videos and related cases at any time through their mobile phones. In the process of application, it adds the access of resources, such as “National Quality Resources Sharing Course”, “Jiangsu Online Open Course” and “Experimental Mu Course”, and the course resources are integrated to establish the sharing platform based on the the mini program, which saves the jump time of students’ cross-platform access. In the past two years since the application of the experimental class mini program, compared with the previous offline experimental teaching, it is found that the WeChat mini program has changed the students’ cognition of the experimental class, which is from the passive mechanical task completion to active thinking, active hands-on, and interactive communication. It creates a good teaching atmosphere for coastal dynamics experiment course, increases students’ interest and cognition in coastal dynamics course, and improves students’ ability of independent thinking and innovatived practice.

This article takes the reform of the practical teaching of electronic circuit computer aided design (CAD) in the School of Electronic Information Engineering at Hankou University as an example and introduces that the related majors in the university have adopted a progressive step-by-step method to divide the practical teaching part of the electronic circuit CAD course into six stages and four processes. With gradual improvement between each stage, this menthod improves students’ innovative and practical abilities. By constantly satisfying students’ sense of achievement and stimulating their intrinsic motivation to explore the next stage, it not only improves their practical ability, but also cultivates their project awareness, team awareness, as well as multidimensional abilities such as independent thinking, analysis, and problem-solving. The practice demonstrates that this curriculum reform is a successful attempt to improve the quality of practical teaching and effectively enhance the quality of talent cultivation.

In order to achieve the training goal of excellent and innovative new engineering talents for the industry of energy and power, the new engineering concept is integrated into the practice link of school-enterprise collaborative education, the management and operation mechanism of school-enterprise collaborative education under the new engineering concept is established, the innovation practice and collaborative education are fused, and the practical teaching system of “three-four-link” for energy and power class is established, which play the role of school-enterprise cooperative education in the practical teaching system. The practical teaching content of school-enterprise collaborative education has been revised, and the comprehensive and systematic nature of collaborative education has been highlighted from the three aspects of practical projects, practical courses and competition guidance, and the new engineering concept has been effectively integrated with the school-enterprise collaboration of energy and power, so as to cultivate outstanding innovative new engineering talents with innovative ideas, innovative thinking and innovative ability.

The curriculum design is an important part of college teaching content, and an important way to improve students' professional quality and cultivate students’ engineering practice ability. Under the background of engineering education professional certification and new engineering construction, the teaching contents and implementation methods of professional course design based on the outcome based education (OBE) are researched and practiced, starting from the training objectives and the teaching status of the mechanical and electronic engineering major of the university. In a comprehensive practical project, the knowledge system required by the profession, namely mechanical manufacturing, electronic technology and automatic control, is integrated into one experimental project. Through the whole process of students participating in the development of a comprehensive project, the ability of students to solve complex engineering problems is cultivated, and innovative application talents with both knowledge and ability are substantially cultivated.

An optical fiber Fabry-Perot (F-P) acoustic sensing experimental device based on spectral demodulation is designed. The device is mainly composed of a superluminescent light-emitting diode (SLED) light source, a high-speed spectrum module and a field programmable gate array (FPGA) based signal processing circuit. The air gap between the end face of the single-mode fiber and the sensitive diaphragm constitutes the F-P cavity, which converts the acoustic signal into the variation of the cavity length. The interference spectrum signal is collected at a high speed by FPGA, which demodulates the cavity length in real time. As a result, the high-sensitivity detection of acoustic signals is realized. The experimental teaching device involves many contents such as optical fiber sensing, optical interference, photoelectric detection, FPGA, and digital signal processing, and is suitable for professional teaching experiments of optoelectronic senior undergraduates.

Due to the impact of the new crown epidemic, people’s online services have increased. Among them, online education, online conferences and other services have higher requirements on network delay and jitter. Therefore, based on the software defined network (SDN) architecture, this paper designs a real-time transmission scheme using the programming protocol-independent packet processors (P4) language in the programmable data plane. The scheme is based on a variable threshold mechanism and establishes a threshold feedback self-adjustment mechanism on the programmable data plane, so that priority scheduling and rerouting scheduling can adapt to network fluctuations and reduce latency. The experimental results show that the improved scheme has obvious improvements in delay and jitter, and improves the quality of real-time transmission services.

A method for measuring the volume of small containers by using the dynamic analysis of air columns is presented based on the Helmholtz resonance principle. The experiment is designed using smartphone hardware and Phyphox software. The experiment is divided into three parts: verifying the sound speed C, measuring the volume of an empty container, and measuring the volume of a container after guantitative water injection. The comparison between theoretical calculation results and experimental measurement results shows that the method is with strong sense of a simple operation flow, high measurement accuracy, and considerable potential for application. A method for measuring the volume of small containers is found, which can serve as a resource for students to conduct independent inquiry-based experiments and innovation training.

The university laboratory is an important place to carry out scientific research and personnel training, but in recent years, the frequent safety accidents in the laboratory have brought adverse effects on the normal teaching and research work. How to effectively manage experimental safety is a problem that needs to be considered and solved. A set of laboratory intelligent monitoring and management system is designed, which can realize the intelligent monitoring and safety management of the laboratory environment all day long. The system is divided into upper computer and lower computer. The upper computer installed in the office or other places can remotely monitor various environmental parameters of the laboratory and control the environmental equipment of the laboratory. The lower computer installed in the laboratory can collect various environmental parameters of the laboratory in real time and connect the environmental equipment of the laboratory. This system uses ARM based chip as the main chip, and selects a series of suitable sensors to collect environmental parameters, including carbon monoxide sensor, carbon dioxide sensor, temperature and humidity sensors, water leakage alarm controller, etc. The system has been put into trial use in Hubei Electrical and Electronic Experiment Teaching Demonstration Center of Central China Normal University. During the trial period, it runs normally and brings great convenience to the management of the laboratory.

Risk management and control of hazardous chemicals in university laboratories is the key focus and challenges of safety management. To accurately assess and analyze the risk factors, a risk assessment system is established by selecting 41 indicators with more occurrences from 127 risk factors in six aspects: personnel, materials, management, environment, technology, and others. An analytic network process (ANP) based indicator model is proposed, which analyzes and determines the weight and ranking of each indicator. The results show that the factors of management are the most important in the risk management at the primary level, followed by human factors. The weight ranking of secondary indicators is as follows: personnel quality and safety awareness (C12), properties of hazardous chemicals (C22), laws and regulations (C36), safety clearance (C32), funding guarantee (C21), etc. Taking the experimental center of the Forestry College of Guizhou University as an example, the weight results are used to quantitatively evaluate its hazardous chemical management by using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and specific prevention and control suggestions and measures are provided for key factors as well.