For light waves propagating in a slab structure with a negative-zero-positive index metamaterial in the core, properties of the lateral shifts of the transmission light were investigated in detail by employing Artmann’s stationary phase method. The results show that, near the Dirac point(DP), the lateral shift can vary from positive to zero then to negative and is dozens of times even hundreds of times higher than the wavelength, which is strongly dependent on the incident angle, frequency, and the thickness of the metamaterial. For the slow wave mode, the lateral shifts and the photon tunneling were further studied. Because of the Hartman effect, the lateral shift tends to a saturation value when the barrier thickness increases, and displays different properties when the incident angle chosen near and far away from the critical angle. These results may lead to potential applications in integral optics and optical-based devices and also suggest analogous phenomena of valance electron in single-layered carbon graphene.

Drawing ideas from least significant bit, a quantum watermarking strategy was proposed. In this strategy, one embedder embeded a watermark image into some pixels of quantum carrier image by changing one bit of gray-scale value of carrier image, these pixels were determined by a private key. Only the copyright owner who held the private key could extract the watermark information without knowledge of the original carrier image. Quantum circuits of embedding and extracting algorithms were respectively designed. Moreover, the computer simulation of the proposed watermarking algorithm was given. By comparing the peak signal-to-noise ratio between the embedded carrier image and original carrier image, it indicates that the proposed watermarking strategy achieves invisibility. The experimental results also show that the proposed watermarking strategy is flexible.

For the issue that performance of face recognition algorithms was impacted by occlusion, a robust face recognition algorithm by using fast-weighted principal component analysis (FW-PCA) detecting occluded region was proposed. FW-PCA was used to detect occluded region, and occluded region of input images were compared with gallery images. Local binary pattern (LBP) was used to determine the optimal weights and phase-only correlation (POC) was used to get occluded mask. Matching score of each image was calculated, face recognition was finished by nearest neighbor classifier. Experimental results on FRGC2 and UND show that the recognition accuracy can achieve 99.6%. It has better recognition performance than several advanced recognition algorithms.

A novel nonlocal total variation method for image restoration was proposed. The proposed method extended the conventional total variation to a novel nonlocal model and made full use of the structure protection within the nonlocal patches to further improve the restoration quality. In addition to the proposed nonlocal total variation model, the operator was introduced to compact the objective function, and then solved it alternatively with Splitting technique to obtain high accuracy. The experiment results shows that the proposed method outperform the conventional methods on both of the evaluation and visualization.

Scale-ivariant feature transform (SIFT) has defects in computational complexity of its key point descriptor computing stage and in the high dimensionality of the key point feature vectors. To speed up the computation, a SIFT based on compressive sensing algorithm was proposed. By the sparse feature representation methods of compressive sensing theory, the feature vector of SIFT was extracted and the high-dimensional gradient derivative was decreased to low-dimensional sparse feature vector. Accordingly, Euclidean distance was introduced to compute the similarity and dissimilarity between feature vectors used for image registration and Best-Bin-First (BBF) data structure was used to avoid exhaustion. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has better performance than the standard SIFT algorithm while registering the affine transformation medical images. Comparing with the current modified SIFT algorithms, the real-time performance of the proposed algorithm is improved obviously.

By two steps, the new infinite sequence soliton-like solution of the Generalized Zakharov-Kuzentsov equation was structured. Using the trick of the first integral and functional transformation, a kind of nonlinear ordinary differential equation was changed to some kinds of common auxiliary equations, and the new solutions of some common auxiliary equations, the B?cklund transformation and nonlinear superposition formula of solutions were obtained. With the help of a sequence of transformations and the symbolic computation system Mathematica, the new infinite sequence soliton-like solution of the generalized Zakharov-Kuzentsov equation was structured.

In order to analyze power conversion efficiency of forward pumped fibre Raman amplifier(FRA), by the solving differential coupling equations, the theoretical expression of power conversion efficiency was presented. The effect of different parameters on forward pumped FRA’s power conversion efficiency was detailedly investigated. It was found that power conversion efficiency will increase when the fibre length or Raman gain coefficient per unit area increase, until it has reached the maximum. Initial signal power has a little influence on power conversion efficiency when it is small, and power conversion efficiency increases quickly when initial signal power is larger. The relation between power conversion efficiency and initial pump power is para-curve. Power conversion efficiency decreases when the frequency rate of pump and signal is larger.

Applying the method of coherent states orthogonalization expansion, quantum properties in a system interacting a V type three-level atom with Schr?dinger cat state were studied without rotating wave approximation (RWA). The energy spectrum of the V type three-level atom was calculated precisely, and the fidelity of the system was estimated. When the atom initially is in the ground state, the amplitude of the second order coherence degrees of the odd or even coherent state decreases and the light field shows bunching effect and antibunching effect alternately with the original strength of light field increasing. Similarly, when the atom initially stays in a superposition state, the amplitude of the second order coherence degrees of the odd or even coherent state decreases and the light field shows bunching effect only with the original strength of light field increasing. As the coupling coefficient decreases, the amplitude of the second order coherence degrees decreases and the light field shows antibunching effect.

With a three-particle GHZ entangled state as the quantum channel, a quantum secret sharing scheme was proposed, which can realize the unknown three-particle quantum secret sharing, and the safety of the scheme was analyzed. It uses the measurements of GHZ state and X-basis on the particles, finally the three quantum states secret sharing is realized by using the corresponding unitary transformation. Compared with some related literature, the scheme completes the three-particle quantum secret sharing and not increases the difficulty of making quantum channel, for sharing more particles quantum secret sharing which provides the theory evidence.

The differential shift phase system features a high rate of generating keys, high speed of coding, powerful ability of being not disturbed and having a long transmission distance and so on. On the analysis of Pockels effect, a hybrid encoding design was proposed which is based on the differential shift phase system. In this design, the transmitting uses the Pockels effect to have the polarization, phase and time encoded. The receiving terminal decodes by the inference of phase and the control of measuring time. Compared with traditional differential shift phase system analysis, it increases the relativity of differential shift phase code and raises a higher rate of generating quantum keys.

By virtue of the Dirac canonical quantization method, a quantization scheme for the capacitive coupled charge qubits was suggested. Considering the influence of applied magnetic field on the Josephson junction current, a new method of controlling charge qubits was presented and the Rabi oscillation of evolution of quantum state with time and the entanglement was discussed. By using this system, entangled state can be prepared. The charge qubits can be effectively manipulated with the changing applied magnetic field Φ1 and Φ2.

The technique of integration within ordered product (IWOP) of operator is applied to analyze the Hamiltonian produced in the quantization scheme of the mesosopic LC electric circuit and explore the corresponding quantum squeezing effects when there is a sudden change in electrical capacity, inductance and external current. It turns out that while the sudden change of capacity results in squezzing in the quadrature q, the sudden change of inductance brings out squeezing in another quadrature p, and the nonlinear change of enternal current source reveals number-phase squeezing.

By using canonical quantization method of damped harmonic oscillator, the quantum of dissipative mesoscopic RLC series and parallel circuit was realized. And on this basis, the quantum fluctuations of charge and inductance flux linkage as the same as voltage and current in circuit under vacuum state were also studied through the methods. The results show that charge and inductance flux linkage as the same as voltage and current in circuit under vacuum state respectively exist quantum fluctuations. And the size of the quantum fluctuations and quantum fluctuations plot all depend on device parameters in the circuit, which decaying exponentially with time.

The effective dielectric constant εliq of magnetic fluid is related to the volume fraction P of the magnetic nanoparticles and the factor α∥ of magnetic field. The changing relation of water-based MnFe2 O4 nanoparticle magnetic fluid effective refractive index with the volume fraction of the magnetic nanoparticles P and the factor of magnetic field α∥ was caculated. It was found that by adjusting α∥, the magnetic fluid has the same effective refractive index in difference of volume fraction of the magnetic nanoparticles. The transmission spectrum of doping one-dimensional water-based MnFe2 O4 magnetic fluid photonic crystal, when P is 0.745 and the structure is (AB)8C(BA)8, is numerically simulated by transfer matrix method. The results indicate that the wavelength of defect mode shifts to the side of long waves as increasing of nanoparticle magnetic fluid effective refractive index nc. That is, the wavelength of defect modes increase as increasing of nc. The amount of redshift is 36.6 nm. The quality factor of defect mode was disscused. It’s found that half of the peak bandwidth λw is a constant. The quality factor of defect mode Q and the wavelength of defect mode λ have the same characteristics of linear with the change of nc. That is, Q increases with the increasing of nc.

Aiming at the problem of Brillouin scattering threshold and sensing characteristics for the distributed optical fiber sensor based on Brillouin scattering, the calculated expression of the Brillouin threshold was received through the coupled equation between the pumping and Stokes wave in optical fiber. Through calculation and analysis the relationship between pulse width, fiber radius and temperature of the relationship with the incident light, theoretical estimation model of Brillouin threshold for pulsed light was proposed for estimating the model theory of optical pulse threshold based on Brillouin scattering. In the experiment, the power relationship between the incident light and scattered light was received using Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer system. By comparing the threshold power under the various definitions, it’s found that the experimental results are consistent with the theoretical calculations.

Spatial solitons were studied in a Kerr-type nonlinear media with symmetric double-barrier modulation by numerical method. Two types of double barriers were discussed. The results showed that one soliton could swing, steer, tunnel and two solitons could steer in Kerr medium with transverse double-barrier modulation. So soliton control can be achieved though properly adjusting the parameters of the double barrier and input soliton.

A numerical device model was introduced that consistently describes the current-voltage characteristics of polymer/fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells. Bimolecular recombination and temperature and field dependent generation mechanism of free charges were also presented. It was demonstrated that in poly based solar cells space-charge effects only play a minor role, leading to a relatively constant electric field in the device. Furthermore, at short-circuit conditions only 7% of all free carriers are lost due to bimolecular recombination. The model predicts that an increased hole mobility together with a reduction of the acceptor strength of 0.5 eV will lead to a maximum attainable efficiency of 5.5% in the PPV/PCBM-based solar cells.

A nonlinear effect equation describing intra-channel four-wave mixing and intra-channel cross phase modulation in quasi-linear optical transmission system was deduced. The simulation model set for this system was built. Based on this model set, the dispersion management schemes of the quasi-linear optical transmission systems with 10 Gb/s, 40 Gb/s, 100 Gb/s and 160 Gb/s data rates were analyzed. The relationships between the amplitude jitters and the timing jitters, the amplitude jitters and the related Q values, the pulse initial powers and the related Q values were analyzed. At the first time, it’s concluded that the optimal dispersion management scheme is related to the system transmission data rate, and the ratio of the pre-dispersion component can be decreased while the post-dispersion component increase with the increasing of system data rate.

A new code was developed by the method of kinetic Monte Carlo technique to investigate the three-dimensional CVD thin-film growth process. Cu atoms were randomly deposited on L×L Cu (100) lattice. The growth includes several basic processes: deposition, surface diffusion, atom detachment, atom nucleation, clusters growth and so on. Film quality is characterized by several parameters including surface entropy Sk, roughness Rk, flatness parameter σk etc. It’s found that lower temperature and less monolayer always come with coarse surface until it reaches the critical temperature Tc, which is consistent with experimental result. Surface entropy is a new concept used by analogy with information entropy in the field of communications. It’s also discovered that traditional description of film roughness Rk is not appropriate. At last, it’s explained that it is reasonable using surface entropy to describe films over all quality.