Ozonolysis of alkenes is extremely important in the troposphere. Criegee intermediates (CIs) are the key intermediates in the ozonolysis of alkenes. The reactions of CIs are important sources of atmospheric OH radicals, organic acids, sulfuric acid, and nitrate etc. There are seldom CIs detection methods due to CIs’ short-life time. Currently, how to detect CIs is a quite hot issue. The research progress of CIs measure including a variety of detection methods and their characteristics in recent years was summarized. These methods were briefly divided into direct and indirect detection methods. Finally, these methods were compared and the directions for future research were prospected.

In order to analyze the response regularity of the organic sulfur structure in coal to microwave and understand the microwave sulfur removal mechanism furtherly, the change rule and bond broken characteristics of the sulfur bond in several typical sulfur model compounds in coal were studied under the different external energy fields using the density functional theory simulation. The results show that the molecular activity and polarity increase with the electric field increasing. The bond lengths of S-S and C-S in molecular increase with the electric field heightening, the resonance frequency of each group decreases with the increase of applied electric field, and the vibration spectrum intensity also changes. It needs to consider the changing influence of the molecular activity and polarity of the organic sulfur structure in coal which the external electron fields lead to during the microwave desulfurization process.

Quantum correlated imaging technology adopts single-point intensity detecting, huge information storage, slow imaging speed, so faster image reconstruction algorithm was required. The simulation of samples with image reconstructing algorithm was based on statistical arithmetic and compressed sensing respectively. The inputs of the compressed sensing algorithm are sparse images which are calculated with discrete cosine transform (DCT) and Gauss random matrices, reconstructing image with orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP). The result shows that the correlated imaging algorithm based on compressed sensing can lessen the number of measurements and save data space and speed. Therefore, the study of quantum correlated imaging image reconstruction algorithm has great significance for lessening the number of samples and improving imaging speed.

In order to improve the apple grading technology, a fruit classification algorithm that coalesce the color model and the apple radius was presented. By using the adaptive threshold method, the binary image can be obtained after graying the sample image. Then, the pixel radii of apple fruits were calculated to get the actual ones based on the relationship between the fruit pixel radius and the true radii. Meanwhile, the H component, containing the color information, was extracted and the red proportion was calculated by converting the RGB image of sample images to HSV space. Finally, the apples can be classified via apple radius and the proportion of red. Compared with the manual classification results, the simulation results show that the algorithm is effective for apple grading, and has higher classification rate up to 96%.

A quantum identity authentication protocol based on the correlation of Einstein-Padolsky-Rosen(EPR) pairs was proposed. It has the property of zero knowledge. The proposed scheme uses the physical characteristics of quantum mechanics to implement identity authentication, so it can guarantee the unconditional security of the scheme. In addition, the scheme could defeat all kinds of possible quantum attacks.

In order to ensure the correctness and effectiveness of quantum circuits constructed on the basis of NCV gates library, fault localization tree generating algorithm and black box testing algorithm were introduced to locate the missing-gate faults in the quantum circuits. This algorithm generates fault localization trees layer by layer by eliminating approximate 98% of inefficient output vector, and meanwhile extracting the effective input vector and the corresponding responded output from the fault output table. In quantum circuit missing-fault gates can be effectively located in the process of fault locating without an access to the output table. The results of the experiment on part of the benchmarks circuits also show the effectivity of this algorithm for fault gates locating.

In order to solve the problem of quantum signaling exchange rate for the optimal, a quantum signaling optimal exchange rate algorithm with entanglement swapping was proposed. According to the entanglement exchange scheme with quantum signaling, a quantum signaling fidelity by the composition of mixed quantum states was analyzed. Discussing the impact of quantum signaling exchange rate factors in single-input single-output system (SISO) and multiple-input multiple-output system (MIMO), an optimal exchange rate was given by calculation. Simulation results shows that the optimal exchange rate is 100 qubit/s under the condition that the fidelity is 97% , the index can satisfy the signaling exchange requirements with quantum communication. It plays important supporting role in building the future quantum communication system.

In order to improve the efficiency of key distribution, a quantum key distribution protocol based on W state and Bell state entanglement was proposed via quantum dense coding. In the scheme, the sender Alice codes the key successfully via local unitary operations, and the receiver Bob obtains the key with jointing measurement. All states can be used to transmit messages except those choosen for checking eavesdroppers, 5 bits deterministic key were distributed by 5 particles. Security analysis result by using information theory shows that the scheme is secure, any eavesdroppers can be found in time.

The stochastic open quantum system models undergoing continuous measurement in different cases were investigated. For different stochastic open quantum system models affected by the measurement, the model establishment conditions, the composition of model component and its effect were analyzed. For the simplified models, the processes of simplification were also analyzed. At the same time, the relationships between different models were compared. Based on the stochastic open quantum systems with the state estimation, the existed switch and continuous control laws which were used to transfer the quantum states between the eigenstates were comparatively analyzed from their control ideas, characteristics, control effect, condition of using, to the improving process. The feedback controller design was also discussed under the influences of environment decoherence and time-delay.

The coupled wave equations for second harmonic generation of flat-topped beams propagating in birefringent uniaxial anisotropic medium were presented. Specific physical models of single and twin BBO were established and numerical computation was carried out. The influences of beam waist, medium structure on second harmonic generation were analyzed. The calculation results indicate that a wider waist can make a better phase matching, so the second harmonic beam will maintain the flat-topped property better but with a lower intensity and twin crystal can eliminate beam walk-off in some way.

Some laser experimental parameters in infrared nonlinear optical crystal Na2 Ge2 Se5 were calculated, including the illustration of second-harmonic generation (SHG) phase matching curve in the principal planes, SHG phase matching curve with pump of 0.946 μm, 1.064 μm, 1.1319 μm and sum-frequency generation (SFG) phase matching curve of producing 0.589 μm laser. The results were also analysed so that they can provide useful theoretical references for optical design of infrared tunable and new wavelength laser devices.

Based on the basic theory of spatial optical soliton model in photonic crystal lattice, using division Fourier algorithm, the transmission characteristics and stability of optical soliton in photorefractive and two-dimensional photonic crystal lattice were studied. The results show that in Hermite optic static, the lattice order, modulation intensity and depth significantly change the spatial soliton shape and its range of stability. It is helpful in experimental investigation of spatial soliton.

A mini-optical tweezer apparatus with the core function of a single optical trap was set up, which achieves the three dimensions capture of particles and the measurement of pN scale forces, without the traditional commercial microscope system. In this new system, the design of infinite optical imaging was adopted, and the semiconductor laser source and LED lighting were used to compact the structure of the machine. The micrometer 3-dimensional control platform can complete stable operations and quatitative measurements. With the fully closed optical path and integrating design, it becomes easier to adjust the machine and resist the external disturbance. This apparatus is compact and low costs so that it can be widely applied in the education of the mechanical effect of light, as well as scientific researches and applications of micrometer scale particles. In conclusion, the research and development of this independent optical tweezer apparatus will make contributions to the marketization of optical tweezer apparatus in the future.

The densive silver nanoparticle array was deposited by using systemic nanometer particle beam gas phase deposition method. Through real time monitoring the extinction spectrum of the nanoparticles and the fine control on the nanoparticle array coverage, the systemic control of surface plasmon resonance frequency was realized. With the increasing of the density of Ag nanoparticles, the redshift of the surface plasmon resonance wavelength occurred from less than 400 nm to more than 570 nm. It was found that change of surface plasmon resonance wavelength is related to the percent of closely linked pairs among the deposited nanoparticles.

According to the strain and temperature sensitivities of long period gratings(LPFG), a fiber optical sensor with higher sensitivity was developed. Two long-period fiber gratings with different cladding parameters and periods were in series. With detailed numerical simulation, it illustrated that this new sensor is more sensitive to temperature and strain which could be measured together. Further analysis for the factors affecting the sensitivity of the sensor indicated that the higher mode of coupling times is more sensitive than the lower one, which helps to improve the sensor’s sensitivity.

With the advantages of small size, big push power, high frequency response and high resolution, piezoelectric ceramic (PZT) actuators were widely used in the fields of precise manufacture, optical instrument, vibration control, and etc. In order to improve the control accuracy and stability of the piezoelectric ceramic fast steering mirror, a driving power was designed on account of high voltage operational amplifier PA96 with the demand of piezoelectric ceramic actuator to its driving power. The basic principle of the power circuit was introduced, and the outside circuit of the amplifier was steadily designed. Finally it’s indicated that by the test of experiments, the linearity of the power is greater than 99%, the static ripple voltage is less than 10 mV and the dynamic performance is stable, so the power can satisfy the control requirement of fast steering mirror in the system of adaptive optics.

Influence of the phonon dispersion on the properties of the weak-coupling polaron in a parabolic quantum dot was investigated by using the linear combination operator and unitary transformation method. Taking account of the longitudinal optical (LO) phonons dispersion in a parabolic approximation, the ground state energy and the self-trapping energy of the polaron in a parabolic quantum dot as a function of the effective confinement length of the quantum dot, the electron-LO-phonon coupling constant and the coefficient of the phonon dispersion were obtained. Numerical calculation results show that the ground state energy decreases with the coefficient of the phonon dispersion increasing, the self-trapping energy increases with increasing the coefficient of phonon dispersion.

In order to suppress group velocity dispersion (GVD) and nonlinear interference on SCM/WDM optical fiber communication systems, a kind of facile carrier-suppressed optical single-side-band(SSB) modulation was presented. The carrier-suppressed optical SSB modulation signals have a large modulation depth which can suppress nonlinear effect in optical fiber and eliminate intermodulation distortion which comes from nonlinear modulation characteristics of optoelectronic modulators simultaneously. It is clear that the detected spectrum of the modulated signal only has one sideband, which can effectively reduce the band width of the light signal and then significantly decrease dispersion penalty and increase the optical bandwidth efficiency. It can be seen from the measured receiver sensitivity map that using carrier-suppressed optical SSB modulation technique the receiver sensitivity can be improved effectively to 3～5 dB.

A new two-dimensional optical orthogonal code named SQPC/OCS was constructed with synchronous quadratic prime code (SQPC) as time spreading sequence and one-coincidence sequence (OCS) as wavelength hopping sequence. The performances of bit error ratio (BER) and word capacity were compared by analysis and simulation. Theoretical analysis show that SQPC/OCS has the same BER as 2D-QPC (Quadratic prime code) when given the same code length and same number of wavelength, but SQPC/OCS can reduce its BER by increasing the number of wavelength which is not limited to a prime number. Compared with extend prime code (EPC) EPC/OCS, SQPC/OCS gets lower BER. Moreover, the code capacity of SQPC/OCS was much more than that of 2D-QPC and EPC/OCS. The simulation shows that the bit error rate (BER) of SQPC/OCS is nearly two orders of magnitude lower and four orders of magnitude lower than that of 2D-QPC (p=7 and q=13) and EPC/OCS (p=11 and q=15) while the number of synchronous users equals 20, respectively.