A precise measurement of optical path difference of optical fiber interferometer is proposed which is based on the fiber Bragg grating demodulation system using Fabry-Perot filtering technology.The principle of Fabry-Perot filtering technology is introduced.By analyzing the principle of unbalanced Michelson′s interferometer, the relationship of interferential spectrum and arm length differences are indicated, and the principle of precise measurement of arm length differences by fiber Bragg grating demodulation system are analyzed.The experiment demonstrates that the arm length differences can be measured with a accuracy of 2μm.

In order to study the influence on the laser radar cross section (LRCS) measurement accuracy caused by atmospheric attenuation, begin with the LRCS measurement, the paper deduces the formula about the influence on the LRCS measurement accuracy caused by atmospheric attenuation, and finds the relation between atmospheric attenuation and LRCS measurement accuracy, that is, the LRCS measurement accuracy will go down at the condition of fore and after two different atmospheric attenuation, or it will go up. The visual simulation result is offered by MatLab simulation. Based on the typical atmospheric attenuation model, the paper illustrates the influence on LRCS measurement accuracy caused by atmospheric attenuation in light of two extreme atmospheric conditions, and offers some advice about LRCS measurement, which will be useful reference to the subsequent LRCS accuracy analysis and amendment.

The impact of spectral scan intervals on the chromaticity measurement and the quality analysis of energy-saving lamps has been researched. An integrating sphere and spectrometer system with the spectral scan interval of 1nm and 5nm was employed to measure the spectrum, color temperatures, rendering indexes and chromaticity coordinates of light sources relatively. Results show that the spectrum differs significantly at the peak near 610nm with the measuring condition of 1nm and 5nm scan intervals, all the color temperatures measured by 1nm spectral scan interval are larger than that of 5nm, while all the rendering indexes are smaller. The ΔTc max is 41K and ΔRa max is 0.5. An optimal method of measuring the color of light sources is proposed based on this research.

According to the geometric distortion of digital still camera, a detection method for geometric distortion based on digital image process is put forward. The cause of distortion for digital still camera and the principle of detection are expatiated. The target pictures captured by digital still camera are sent to computer and processed digitally by MatLab. The actual image′s figure is captured by pixel spacing, the ideal image′s figure is captured by geometric optics, and therefore the relative distortion is calculated. The experimental results show that this method can be useful for the digital examine and correction of digital still camera′s parameters for its simple process, easy realization and digital detection.

To get the more accurate edge maps of an image in the course of image processing, a simple edge detection method with high efficiency has been presented with combining the linear interpolation algorithms with the hexagonal image structure. The edge detection approach goes through three steps:noise filtering using a Gaussian filter, edge detection using Sobel operator and edge refining using thresholds. Through the experiment, we have shown that hexagonal structure leads to more accurate and less noise edge maps compared with the Canny edge detector. And using of linear interpolation results in more efficient edge detection than non-linear interpolation algorithms.

The method of interlayer alleviation to mitigate fiber print-through phenomenon in carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) mirror replication process was presented. Using traditional method and interlayer method in CFRP replication technique respectively, two mirror samples have been fabricated and measured by step tester along and perpendicular to the fiber direction. The results show the fiber print-through phenomenon is available perpendicular to the fiber direction. In small range area, the alleviation layer obviously mitigates the print-through phenomenon with the surface roughness less than 50nm. Although the surface error exists in large range area, it is still better than that by traditional methods.

In order to realize the computer-aided diagnosis, an efficient algorithm is proposed to segment lung parenchyma in CT images. This paper gets the optimal threshold via the means of obtaining minimum between peaks on histogram image. On this basis, using the spatial filtering and connected components labeling to remove interference, getting the lung region at last. The experimental results indicate that the method can effectively segment the pulmonary parenchyma, and solves the problem of preprocessing issue when detecting pulmonary nodules.

In order to improve the efficiency of testing SLD light source, we study the four channels driving technology based on the SLD light source driving technology. Contraposing the problem with which the four channels driving circuit are faced, such as power supply, system volume, faceplate display, channel consistency, etc. We put forward corresponding technology or methods. The feasibility and reliability of the technology and methods have been confirmed. These results may provide reference for the design of much more channels SLD driving circuit and similar circuit system.

Classical image restoration algorithm is based on point spread function (PSF) is known. However, it is difficult to determine PSF in many cases, we have to estimate the true image and PSF in the case of only knowing some of the information or no information of imaging systems, this process is called blind image restoration. For the Gaussian blurred image, it is very difficult to detect PSF, so blind restoration of the Gaussian blurred image has been a troublesome issue. In this paper, we suppose the initial PSF using the characteristics of Gaussian PSF, and do Wiener filtering based on Gaussian blurred image with noise, then gain the restoration image through the median filtering. Experiment shows that, restored image is better in subjective visual effect, and remarkable in recovery effect with good noise immunity. This method has some reference value to improve the image quality.

Measurement of surface roughness with optical methods is widely used now due to its contactless,high precision,non-damage,high measuring speed,etc.This paper introduces a new non-contact method based on the confocal optical system to measure the surface roughness,which uses the principle of chromatic focal shift to measure surface roughness.This paper describes the principle of this new method and designs an optical system to analyze and confirm the feasibility of this method.

The paper mainly introduces the monitor and control program design of serial communication based on Delphi for user-defined serial communication protocol. Through analyzing serial communication method with the ActiveX SPcomm in Delphi, it expatiates a way of serial communication software which provide a realized communication way for autocontrol and monitoring system.

Trajectory tracking rotating mirror has become a mature and reliable method to acquire the image of a flight projectile. Servo motion controller is the core component of the tracking rotating mirror, and the overall system performance is determined by the accuracy and real-time. The paper proposed a design scheme of a servo control system of tracking rotating mirror based on the ARM system principles. We give the detailed introduction of the controller principles, hardware and software design. The results show that the system achieves the control accuracy of 0.4° and the control response time of 1ms minimum.

For the purpose of improving convenience for the image processing of the panorama system based on linear CCD (charge-coupled device), de-noise the images to improve the SNR is needed. Analyzed the source of noise of the images grabbed by the panorama system, studied characteristic of the noise. Comparing the advantages and disadvantages of multiple methods of de-noising, a mean-value method of image de-noising based on wavelet soft-and-hard threshold is presented. By analyzing the experiment results, proved the reliability and availability of this method, adopted to the de-noising processing of the panorama.

A real-time design of a gigabit MAC based on a FPGA chip is proposed to resolve the high-speed image data transmission problems existing in the airborne integration design of a high-frame-rate camera. A gigabit network card composed of an ethernet media access control(MAC) and an external PHY is designed to realize the real-time high-speed transmission of video and image data of the high-frame-rate camera. A synchronous FIFO in the gigabit MAC core is designed using a FPGA-chip-embedded block RAM. The FIFO is designed using the Verilog HDL, synthesized in the ISE design environment of XILINX FPGA and simulated in Modelsim. The results show that the FIFO can be written and read with correct produced flag signals at a writing and reading clock of 250MHz and that the FIFO can realize the function of data cache. The feasibility of the proposal is verified in both simulation and real test.

On the basis of the retinal light reflection, a method for real time eye location is proposed. Its feasibility is proved through the primary experiment of the judgment of the eye orientation. In this method, if there are no eyes in the cone-shaped illumination region of a point light source, no light spot also exists at the CCD and the image received by the CCD is an equably dark background. However, if there is an eye in the cone-shaped illumination region, the image captured by the CCD is a small bright light spot with dark background. The existent state, the orientation, and the location, relative to the point light source, of the eye can be derived from the position of the small bright light spot at the image captured by the CCD.

As measuring instrument for particle laser particle size analyzer are applied widely. DSP and ARM embedded system for laser particle size analyzer are proposed, which replaced the data acquisition card and PC in the conventional laser particle size analyzer to realize miniaturization and low cost. In this article introduced hardware structure and principle of the data collect system and circuit design. Laser particle size analyzer′s anti-interference ability and the precision of measurement are enhanced.

On the basis of analyzing the principle of two-way memory effect of the shape memory alloy, two miniature optothermal motors are designed and manufactured using sheets of Cu-Zn-Al two-way shape memory alloy. Experiments are carried out to test their driving performance. The experiment results demonstrate that when using a 1064nm YAG pulsed laser with an appropriate output power and frequency as the motors′ driving source, the ratchet-pawl-type optothermal motor can have a precise step distance and the gear-type optothermal motor can have a high rotational speed. This kind of optothermal motors could be integrated and widely utilized in micro-optical-electro-mechanical systems wirelessly with remote controlling.

To investigate how film thickness distribution is changed when target etched continously in magnetron sputtering process, a deposition model is found for circular magnetron sputtering target, which is applied in manufacturing. Taylor series expansion is adopted to calculate a third order approximate solution for film thickness distribution. And numerical integration method is applied to calculate film distribution for both new and etched target with different angular distribution of sputtering and target-substrate distance. The calculate results show that sputtering angle has minor effect on film thickness distribution;oppositely, target-substrate distance has great impact on this. With the target substrate distance increases, the differences of film thickness distribution between new and etched target is reduced gradually. To verify this results, a experiment is carried out correspondly, which shows the same results to the calculating ones.

In the computer numerical control (CNC) pad polishing technology, the working function of the pad is an essential function during fabricating the workpiece. Based on the research results of the known mathematic modeling and working characteristics of a round pad, the working function and its characteristic curve of an elliptical pad in conditions of planet motion and translation are discussed, and the working parameters after optimization are analyzed and obtained by simulation. The results show that the working characteristic curve of the pentagon-shaped pad has the central peak in the conditions of both commonly-used motions, which similar to the Gauss distribution, and the pad has good material removal ability.

Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy is one of the most essential techniques for quantitatively detecting elements′ concentrations in labs. The applications based on this technology have been extended from metallurgy, mining to such domains as life sciences, environmental reserving, organism analyzing. Nowadays, ICP-OES researchers pay more attentions to the details amelioration, the cases in point are laser ablation, the minimization of sample injecting apparatus, mixed-gas plasma, bottom-view, achromatic devices, etc.