We report the simple measurement of surface layer stress of strengthened glasses by means of leakage waveguide method. Effective surface layer stress was introduced by birefringence of the fundamental mode, and corresponding apparatus of measurement was fabricated. For air-cooled tempered, chemically strengthened, and thermally tempered glasses, values of effective surface layer stress have been measured, and the accuracy of measurement has been analysed theoretically. This method can be used for nondestructive raeasurement of surface layer stress.

This paper presents the theoretical and experimental study of a slab laser. Analytic solutions of temperature and stress distributions in condition of CW and pulse pumping are given. We have analyzed and discussed the thermal distortion in the slab. Measurement and analysis of the thermal effect by using a 9 × 30 × 70 mm3 Nd:YAG slab were carried out. A high repetition rate zig-zag slab laser was put into operation with output energy per pulse at 50 Hz of about 600 mJ and average power of 30 watts.

In this paper, we use the dressed-atom approach to derive the analytical expression of the gain of a FIR laser with a four-level system. The results indicate that the FIB laser gain spectrum generally consists of four peaks. For some ranges of pump detunings, it is possible to obtain two positive gain maxima: one at the Raman frequency and the other at the line center frequency.

The effects of ground state depletion of atoms on the characteristics of stimulated Raman scattering in metal vapors are studied by simultaniously solving the rate-equation of the atom energy levels related in the Raman scattering, and the equations describing the energy-conversion from the focused pump laser pulses to the Raman down-converted pulses. The ground state of metal atoms are depleted most strongly in the regions near the focal spots of the pump beams because of the higher intensities of light and smaller available medium volume in tliosa ；regions. This will result in tlia unsymmetrical shapes of tho Raman-shifted pulses for the front and rear edges, and will reduce the energy-conversion efficiency.

By means of the linear response method, the surface-dressed optical Bloch equations (SBE) for atoms absorbed on a solid surface are obtained. These SBE are different from the earlier oxies. The difference-lies in the fact that here the influences of the solid surface on the spontaneous decay rate and the Lamb shift of the adsorbed atoms have been taken into account. Using the SBE and the regression theorem, the resonance fluorescence spectrum for the adatoms are obtained. Through analyzing these spectrum spectrum for the adatoms are obtained. Through analyzing these spectrum numerically, it is found that the aolid surface will exert a significaarfc influences both. on. the sidebands aad p?ak hights. Namely, when the adatoms approach the surface, the distance between the two sidebands will become larger and the height for each paak will go down until the peaks disappear one by one.

Without using SP enhancement technique, the surface second harmonic generation (SHG) from Ag film was obtained by employing the 1.06μm output from a Q-switched YAG laser. The changes in the SH signal due to adsorption of pyridine molecules on the Ag film were investigated. It is confirmed for the first time that pyridine could be adsorbed on Ag film surface even at atmospheric pressure and room-temperature.

Using a computer-generated hologram as a compensator to fabricate concave holographic gratings is more flexible in both aberration correction and wavelength selection in comparison with traditional method. In this paper a method of defocusing filtering with a cylindrical wave front used as a reference beam is discussed. With this method, the space-bandwidth product of GGH is obviously increased, thus greatly increasing the range of usage. Using such CGH compensators, 12001/mm concave holographic gratings, both type III and IV，have been, fabricated. Experiment results are preranfced.

We propose a scheme of optical layout for the mirror Moire topography. A theory has been furnished to derive the reckoning formula of the mirror Moire topography. Several inclining and cylindrical mirror Moire fringe photos are given and compared with the results which are reckoned according to the theory.

The degeneration mechanism of characteristics of infrared (Ge/SiO) stack filters is discussed based on experimental results. We propose a method to prevent such degeneration of characteristics. By using the method, high-quality filters have been obtained which can withstand immersion tests in water and solutions of salt or acid.

The influences of elastic deformation on the soliton propagation characteristics in. a single-mode optical fiber are studied by treating the deformation as perturbations. It is indicated that the deformation also can cause polarization. dispersions and birefringences in soliton propagations, same as in conventional propagation.

In this paper, a novel fiber-optic heterodyne detection technique of rotation rate is described. Using electro-optic frequency shifter and highly birefringent single-mode fiber, the heterodyne fiber-optic gyroscope system no more needs the use of acousto-optic devices and is free from the direct-current drift in the electronics. In addition, the reciprocity of the optical path in the system is improved. Preliminary experiments have shown a good linearity of the scale factor.

The reflection spectrum of LiNbO3 in the range of 80cm-1-2800 cm-1 is measured by means of a 170SX Fourier transformation infrared spectrometer. The optical constant spectra of LiNbO3 in the same range are calculated rapidly and accurately using the integral form of the Kramers-Kronig relation. The transversal frequencies wT, longitudinal frequencies wL and high-frequency dielectric constants ε∞ of A1 and E modes can be obtained directly from the spectra. The oscillator strength is calculated and the mutual coupling between these oscillators are discussed. The 670om-1 mode Is recognized as a fundamental frequency of the E mode.

The apparatus described in this paper consists of a minicomputer coupled to a rapid-scanning spectrometer that continuously measures the spectral profile during deposition of each layer for monitoring film thickness. The apparatus is demonetrated in the monitoring of a beam splitter made of three layers Performance of the apparatus: measuring band width: 333nm; spectral wavelength point: 50 point; transmittance accuracy: 1% spectral transmittance scan period: 12 sweep/sec.

A new-type photometric ellipsometer was built. Based on PQSA null ellipsometer., the compatible photometric ellipsometer replaces the fixed compensator by a rotating quarterwave plate. The principle is dissoussed in detail. It is a complete ellipsometer, which can determine the sign of A unambiguously, and it has the same sensitivity for the A even with linear polarized light. Experimental results are also reported.

Formulas for error factors of optical thin film parameters with respect to the ellipsometric angles ψ and Δ, the reflectance R, the angle of incidence, and the thickness of absorbing thin film are presented using the technique of multivarlate error analysis. Accuracies of the measurements of optical parameters can be predicted with the error factors, the azimuth-angle errors, and the reflectance error. In order to determine the optimal measurement configurations, the plots of error factors versus angle of incidence，film refractiye index, and film thickness are used. It is also pointed out that the measurement accuracy of a oortain parameter can not be deduoed and determined by using its sensitivity factors with, respect to the measurable quantities, if two or more unknown parameters have to be simultaneously deduced from the measurements.

Dependences of the equivalent Lorentz vibration and interband transition on the thickness and steady-state time relevant to the free and bound electrons in Ag thin films are discussed. Based on spectral transmittances of Ag films with different thicknesses and different steady states in the visible region, in combination with the effective medium theories of island films of metals. Theoretical calculations of the spectral transmittance agree with the experiments very well. By comparing the theories with the experiments, the optical constants of Ag films with, different tiucknesses and different steady states are obtained.